§ 776
Comparatio strictius dicta e. g. c) animarum affectiones vel mutationes illustraturis suggerit ideas socias membrorum corporis, quae quoniam affectionibus datis, inter mutationes eiusmodi praesertim affici propiusque tangi verisimile est, veluti sedes horum in anima variorum considerantur. Sic ingenium illustratur capite et cerebro, sensationes externae organis sensoriis, appetitiones corde, inferiores iecinore, pudor fronte ac ore e. c. illustrantur. § 773, 752.
Strict comparison, for example c), suggests to those who will illustrate affections or changes of souls associated ideas of members of the body. Since these are likely to be especially affected and more closely touched by the given affections among such changes, they are considered as seats of these various things in the soul. Thus talent is illustrated by head and brain, external sensations by sensory organs, appetitions by heart, lower ones by liver, shame by forehead and face, and so on, §§773, 752.
Istis, qui linguam avium intelligunt,
Plusque ex alieno iecore sapiunt, quam suo,
Magis audiendum, quam auscultandum, censeo,
"The men who know the speech of birds and more
Do learn from other livers than their own—
'Twere best to hear, I think, and not to heed."
Pac. ap. Cic. de div. l. c.
Pacuvius in Cicero, De divinatione.
Pudorem
Ferreo canit exprimamus ore.
"But if naught else avail, at least a blush
Forth of that bitch-like brazen brow we'll squeeze."
Cat.
Catullus.
Vides, quae maxima credis
Esse mala, exiguum censum, turpemque repulsam,
Quanto devites animi capitisque labore?
"You see with what toil of mind and body you avoid those things which you believe to be the greatest evils, a small fortune and a shameful repulse."
Hor. ep. I. 44.
Horace, Epistles I.44.
Comparatio strictius dicta e. g. c) animarum affectiones vel mutationes illustraturis suggerit ideas socias membrorum corporis, quae quoniam affectionibus datis, inter mutationes eiusmodi praesertim affici propiusque tangi verisimile est, veluti sedes horum in anima variorum considerantur.
Strict comparison, for example c), suggests to those who will illustrate affections or changes of souls associated ideas of members of the body. Since these are likely to be especially affected and more closely touched by the given affections among such changes, they are considered as seats of these various things in the soul.
Sic ingenium illustratur capite et cerebro, sensationes externae organis sensoriis, appetitiones corde, inferiores iecinore, pudor fronte ac ore e. c. illustrantur. § 773, 752.
Thus talent is illustrated by head and brain, external sensations by sensory organs, appetitions by heart, lower ones by liver, shame by forehead and face, and so on, §§773, 752.
Istis, qui linguam avium intelligunt,
Plusque ex alieno iecore sapiunt, quam suo,
Magis audiendum, quam auscultandum, censeo,
"The men who know the speech of birds and more
Do learn from other livers than their own—
'Twere best to hear, I think, and not to heed."
Pac. ap. Cic. de div. l. c.
Pacuvius in Cicero, De divinatione.
Pudorem
Ferreo canit exprimamus ore.
"But if naught else avail, at least a blush
Forth of that bitch-like brazen brow we'll squeeze."
Cat.
Catullus.
Vides, quae maxima credis
Esse mala, exiguum censum, turpemque repulsam,
Quanto devites animi capitisque labore?
"You see with what toil of mind and body you avoid those things which you believe to be the greatest evils, a small fortune and a shameful repulse."
Hor. ep. I. 44.
Horace, Epistles I.44.
Comparatio strictius dicta e. g. c)
Strict comparison, for example c),
animarum affectiones vel
suggests to those who will illustrate affections or changes
mutationes illustraturis suggerit ideas socias membrorum
of souls associated ideas of members of the body.
corporis, quae quoniam
Since these are likely to be especially affected and
affectionibus datis,
more closely touched by the given affections
inter mutationes eiusmodi praesertim affici propiusque tangi verisimile est,
among such changes, they are considered as seats of
veluti sedes horum in anima variorum considerantur.
these various things in the soul.
Sic ingenium illustratur capite et cerebro,
Thus talent is illustrated by head and brain,
sensationes externae organis sensoriis, appetitiones corde,
external sensations by sensory organs, appetitions by heart,
inferiores iecinore, pudor fronte ac ore e.
lower ones by liver, shame by forehead and face, and
c. illustrantur. § 773, 752.
so on, §§773, 752.
Istis, qui linguam avium intelligunt,
Plusque ex alieno iecore sapiunt, quam suo,
Magis audiendum, quam auscultandum, censeo,
"The men who know the speech of birds and more
Do learn from other livers than their own—
'Twere best to hear, I think, and not to heed."
Pac. ap. Cic. de div. l. c.
Pacuvius in Cicero, De divinatione.
Pudorem
Ferreo canit exprimamus ore.
"But if naught else avail, at least a blush
Forth of that bitch-like brazen brow we'll squeeze."
Cat.
Catullus.
Vides, quae maxima credis
Esse mala, exiguum censum, turpemque repulsam,
Quanto devites animi capitisque labore?
"You see with what toil of mind and body you avoid those things which you believe to be the greatest evils, a small fortune and a shameful repulse."
Hor. ep. I. 44.
Horace, Epistles I.44.
Comparatio strictius dicta e. g. c) animarum affectiones vel mutationes illustraturis suggerit ideas socias membrorum corporis, quae quoniam affectionibus datis, inter mutationes eiusmodi praesertim affici propiusque tangi verisimile est, veluti sedes horum in anima variorum considerantur. / Strict comparison, for example c), suggests to those who will illustrate affections or changes of souls associated ideas of members of the body. Since these are likely to be especially affected and more closely touched by the given affections among such changes, they are considered as seats of these various things in the soul.
Sic ingenium illustratur capite et cerebro, sensationes externae organis sensoriis, appetitiones corde, inferiores iecinore, pudor fronte ac ore e. c. illustrantur. § 773, 752. / Thus talent is illustrated by head and brain, external sensations by sensory organs, appetitions by heart, lower ones by liver, shame by forehead and face, and so on, §§773, 752.
Istis, qui linguam avium intelligunt,
Plusque ex alieno iecore sapiunt, quam suo,
Magis audiendum, quam auscultandum, censeo,
"The men who know the speech of birds and more
Do learn from other livers than their own—
'Twere best to hear, I think, and not to heed."
Pac. ap. Cic. de div. l. c. / Pacuvius in Cicero, De divinatione.
Pudorem
Ferreo canit exprimamus ore.
"But if naught else avail, at least a blush
Forth of that bitch-like brazen brow we'll squeeze."
Cat. / Catullus.
Vides, quae maxima credis
Esse mala, exiguum censum, turpemque repulsam,
Quanto devites animi capitisque labore?
"You see with what toil of mind and body you avoid those things which you believe to be the greatest evils, a small fortune and a shameful repulse."
Hor. ep. I. 44. / Horace, Epistles I.44.
§ 777
Porro comparatio stricte dicta d) eventum factumque, singulare quodvis, illustrat a loco et tempore, per ideas socias eodem loco, eodem tempore perceptorum. § 773, 742.
Further, strict comparison d) illustrates an event, fact, or any singular from place and time, through associated ideas of things perceived in the same place and same time, §§773, 742.
O cives! cives! quaerenda pecunia primum est,
Virtus post nummos: haec Ianus summus ab imo
Prodocet, haec recinunt iuvenes dictata, senesque,
Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto.
"“O citizens, citizens, money is to be sought first; virtue after riches:” this the highest Janus from the lowest inculcates; young men and old repeat these maxims, having their bags and account-books hung on the left arm."
Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Trahuntque siccas machinae carinas,
Ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni,
Nec prata canis albicant pruinis.
Iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus, imminente luna,
Iunctaeque Nymphis Gratiae decentes
Alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum gravis Cyclopum
Vulcanus ardens urget officinas.
Nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto,
Aut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae.
"The touch of Zephyr and of Spring has loosen'd Winter's thrall;
The well-dried keels are wheel'd again to sea:
The ploughman cares not for his fire, nor cattle for their stall,
And frost no more is whitening all the lea.
Now Cytherea leads the dance, the bright moon overhead;
The Graces and the Nymphs, together knit,
With rhythmic feet the meadow beat, while Vulcan, fiery red,
Heats the Cyclopian forge in Aetna's pit.
'Tis now the time to wreathe the brow with branch of myrtle green,
Or flowers, just opening to the vernal breeze;"
od. I. 4.
Horace, Ode I.4.
Porro comparatio stricte dicta d) eventum factumque, singulare quodvis, illustrat a loco et tempore, per ideas socias eodem loco, eodem tempore perceptorum. § 773, 742.
Further, strict comparison d) illustrates an event, fact, or any singular from place and time, through associated ideas of things perceived in the same place and same time, §§773, 742.
O cives! cives! quaerenda pecunia primum est,
Virtus post nummos: haec Ianus summus ab imo
Prodocet, haec recinunt iuvenes dictata, senesque,
Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto.
"“O citizens, citizens, money is to be sought first; virtue after riches:” this the highest Janus from the lowest inculcates; young men and old repeat these maxims, having their bags and account-books hung on the left arm."
Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Trahuntque siccas machinae carinas,
Ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni,
Nec prata canis albicant pruinis.
Iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus, imminente luna,
Iunctaeque Nymphis Gratiae decentes
Alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum gravis Cyclopum
Vulcanus ardens urget officinas.
Nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto,
Aut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae.
"The touch of Zephyr and of Spring has loosen'd Winter's thrall;
The well-dried keels are wheel'd again to sea:
The ploughman cares not for his fire, nor cattle for their stall,
And frost no more is whitening all the lea.
Now Cytherea leads the dance, the bright moon overhead;
The Graces and the Nymphs, together knit,
With rhythmic feet the meadow beat, while Vulcan, fiery red,
Heats the Cyclopian forge in Aetna's pit.
'Tis now the time to wreathe the brow with branch of myrtle green,
Or flowers, just opening to the vernal breeze;"
od. I. 4.
Horace, Ode I.4.
Porro comparatio stricte dicta d) eventum
Further, strict comparison d) illustrates an event, fact,
factumque, singulare quodvis, illustrat a loco et tempore,
or any singular from place and time,
per ideas socias eodem loco,
through associated ideas of things perceived in the same place
eodem tempore perceptorum. § 773, 742.
and same time, §§773, 742.
O cives! cives! quaerenda pecunia primum est,
Virtus post nummos: haec Ianus summus ab imo
Prodocet, haec recinunt iuvenes dictata, senesque,
Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto.
"“O citizens, citizens, money is to be sought first; virtue after riches:” this the highest Janus from the lowest inculcates; young men and old repeat these maxims, having their bags and account-books hung on the left arm."
Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Trahuntque siccas machinae carinas,
Ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni,
Nec prata canis albicant pruinis.
Iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus, imminente luna,
Iunctaeque Nymphis Gratiae decentes
Alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum gravis Cyclopum
Vulcanus ardens urget officinas.
Nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto,
Aut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae.
"The touch of Zephyr and of Spring has loosen'd Winter's thrall;
The well-dried keels are wheel'd again to sea:
The ploughman cares not for his fire, nor cattle for their stall,
And frost no more is whitening all the lea.
Now Cytherea leads the dance, the bright moon overhead;
The Graces and the Nymphs, together knit,
With rhythmic feet the meadow beat, while Vulcan, fiery red,
Heats the Cyclopian forge in Aetna's pit.
'Tis now the time to wreathe the brow with branch of myrtle green,
Or flowers, just opening to the vernal breeze;"
od. I. 4.
Horace, Ode I.4.
Porro comparatio stricte dicta d) eventum factumque, singulare quodvis, illustrat a loco et tempore, per ideas socias eodem loco, eodem tempore perceptorum. § 773, 742. / Further, strict comparison d) illustrates an event, fact, or any singular from place and time, through associated ideas of things perceived in the same place and same time, §§773, 742.
O cives! cives! quaerenda pecunia primum est,
Virtus post nummos: haec Ianus summus ab imo
Prodocet, haec recinunt iuvenes dictata, senesque,
Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto.
"“O citizens, citizens, money is to be sought first; virtue after riches:” this the highest Janus from the lowest inculcates; young men and old repeat these maxims, having their bags and account-books hung on the left arm."
Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Trahuntque siccas machinae carinas,
Ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni,
Nec prata canis albicant pruinis.
Iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus, imminente luna,
Iunctaeque Nymphis Gratiae decentes
Alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum gravis Cyclopum
Vulcanus ardens urget officinas.
Nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto,
Aut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae.
"The touch of Zephyr and of Spring has loosen'd Winter's thrall;
The well-dried keels are wheel'd again to sea:
The ploughman cares not for his fire, nor cattle for their stall,
And frost no more is whitening all the lea.
Now Cytherea leads the dance, the bright moon overhead;
The Graces and the Nymphs, together knit,
With rhythmic feet the meadow beat, while Vulcan, fiery red,
Heats the Cyclopian forge in Aetna's pit.
'Tis now the time to wreathe the brow with branch of myrtle green,
Or flowers, just opening to the vernal breeze;"
od. I. 4. / Horace, Ode I.4.
§ 778
Comparatio stricte dicta e) rem et personam, quae in alicuius potestate est, eumque confert, qui illius dominus, dux, imperans est, vel possessor. Unde illustratio α) rei a possessore, domino, deo, qua ratione describit Virgilius Aeoliam:
Strict comparison e) brings together a thing or person that is in someone's power and the one who is its lord, leader, commander, or possessor. Hence illustration α) of a thing from possessor, lord, or god. In this way Virgil describes Aeolia:
Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
Luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
Imperio premit, ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
"Aeolia named, where royal Aeolus
in a high-vaulted cavern keeps control
o'er warring winds and loud concourse of storms.
There closely pent in chains and bastions strong,
they, scornful, make the vacant mountain roar,
chafing against their bonds."
Aen. I. 58. β) personae a superiore, duce, principe, rege, cui subiicitur. Ventos in personas mutarat Virgilius, hinc illustrantur per suum regem:
Aeneid I.58. β) Of a person from a superior, leader, prince, or king to whom he is subject. Virgil had changed the winds into persons; hence they are illustrated through their king:
celsa sedet Aeolus arce
Sceptra tenens, mollitque animos et temperat iras.
a Iove datus,
qui foedere certo
Et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas.
"But from a throne
of lofty crag, their king with sceptred hand
allays their fury and their rage confines.
...
But over-ruling Jove, of this in fear,
hid them in dungeon dark: then o'er them piled
huge mountains, and ordained a lawful king
to hold them in firm sway, or know what time,
with Jove's consent, to loose them o'er the world."
67.
"given by Jove," "who by fixed covenant should know, when ordered, both to press and to give loose reins," v.67.
Comparatio stricte dicta e) rem et personam, quae in alicuius potestate est, eumque confert, qui illius dominus, dux, imperans est, vel possessor.
Strict comparison e) brings together a thing or person that is in someone's power and the one who is its lord, leader, commander, or possessor.
Unde illustratio α) rei a possessore, domino, deo, qua ratione describit Virgilius Aeoliam:
Hence illustration α) of a thing from possessor, lord, or god. In this way Virgil describes Aeolia:
Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
Luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
Imperio premit, ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
"Aeolia named, where royal Aeolus
in a high-vaulted cavern keeps control
o'er warring winds and loud concourse of storms.
There closely pent in chains and bastions strong,
they, scornful, make the vacant mountain roar,
chafing against their bonds."
Aen. I. 58. β) personae a superiore, duce, principe, rege, cui subiicitur.
Aeneid I.58. β) Of a person from a superior, leader, prince, or king to whom he is subject.
Ventos in personas mutarat Virgilius, hinc illustrantur per suum regem:
Virgil had changed the winds into persons; hence they are illustrated through their king:
celsa sedet Aeolus arce
Sceptra tenens, mollitque animos et temperat iras.
a Iove datus,
qui foedere certo
Et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas.
"But from a throne
of lofty crag, their king with sceptred hand
allays their fury and their rage confines.
...
But over-ruling Jove, of this in fear,
hid them in dungeon dark: then o'er them piled
huge mountains, and ordained a lawful king
to hold them in firm sway, or know what time,
with Jove's consent, to loose them o'er the world."
67.
"given by Jove," "who by fixed covenant should know, when ordered, both to press and to give loose reins," v.67.
Comparatio stricte dicta e) rem et personam,
Strict comparison e) brings together a thing or person
quae in alicuius potestate est, eumque confert,
that is in someone's power and the
qui illius dominus, dux, imperans est, vel possessor.
one who is its lord, leader, commander, or possessor.
Unde illustratio α) rei a possessore, domino, deo,
Hence illustration α) of a thing from possessor, lord, or god.
qua ratione describit Virgilius Aeoliam:
In this way Virgil describes Aeolia:
Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
Luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
Imperio premit, ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
"Aeolia named, where royal Aeolus
in a high-vaulted cavern keeps control
o'er warring winds and loud concourse of storms.
There closely pent in chains and bastions strong,
they, scornful, make the vacant mountain roar,
chafing against their bonds."
Aen. I. 58. β) personae a superiore,
Aeneid I.58. β) Of a person from a superior,
duce, principe, rege, cui subiicitur.
leader, prince, or king to whom he is subject.
Ventos in personas
Virgil had changed the winds into persons;
mutarat Virgilius, hinc illustrantur per suum regem:
hence they are illustrated through their king:
celsa sedet Aeolus arce
Sceptra tenens, mollitque animos et temperat iras.
a Iove datus,
qui foedere certo
Et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas.
"But from a throne
of lofty crag, their king with sceptred hand
allays their fury and their rage confines.
...
But over-ruling Jove, of this in fear,
hid them in dungeon dark: then o'er them piled
huge mountains, and ordained a lawful king
to hold them in firm sway, or know what time,
with Jove's consent, to loose them o'er the world."
67.
"given by Jove," "who by fixed covenant should know, when ordered, both to press and to give loose reins," v.67.
Comparatio stricte dicta e) rem et personam, quae in alicuius potestate est, eumque confert, qui illius dominus, dux, imperans est, vel possessor. / Strict comparison e) brings together a thing or person that is in someone's power and the one who is its lord, leader, commander, or possessor.
Unde illustratio α) rei a possessore, domino, deo, qua ratione describit Virgilius Aeoliam: / Hence illustration α) of a thing from possessor, lord, or god. In this way Virgil describes Aeolia:
Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
Luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
Imperio premit, ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
"Aeolia named, where royal Aeolus
in a high-vaulted cavern keeps control
o'er warring winds and loud concourse of storms.
There closely pent in chains and bastions strong,
they, scornful, make the vacant mountain roar,
chafing against their bonds."
Aen. I. 58. β) personae a superiore, duce, principe, rege, cui subiicitur. / Aeneid I.58. β) Of a person from a superior, leader, prince, or king to whom he is subject.
Ventos in personas mutarat Virgilius, hinc illustrantur per suum regem: / Virgil had changed the winds into persons; hence they are illustrated through their king:
celsa sedet Aeolus arce
Sceptra tenens, mollitque animos et temperat iras.
a Iove datus,
qui foedere certo
Et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas.
"But from a throne
of lofty crag, their king with sceptred hand
allays their fury and their rage confines.
...
But over-ruling Jove, of this in fear,
hid them in dungeon dark: then o'er them piled
huge mountains, and ordained a lawful king
to hold them in firm sway, or know what time,
with Jove's consent, to loose them o'er the world."
67. / "given by Jove," "who by fixed covenant should know, when ordered, both to press and to give loose reins," v.67.
§ 779
Comparatio possessoris et possessi dat illustrationem γ) possessoris a re possessa:
Comparison of possessor and possessed gives illustration γ) of the possessor from the thing possessed:
Non illi imperium pelagi, saevumque tridentem
Sed mihi sorte datum. Tenet ille immania saxa,
Vestras, Eure, domos. Illa se iactet in aula
Aeolus, et clauso ventorum carcere regnet.
"Not unto him
dominion o'er the seas and trident dread,
but unto me, Fate gives. Let him possess
wild mountain crags, thy favored haunt and home,
O Eurus! In his barbarous mansion there,
let Aeolus look proud, and play the king
in yon close-bounded prison-house of storms!"
145. δ) ducis, principis, imperantis, dei a subditis et personis, in illius potestate constitutis. § 778. Horatius ad Augustum:
v.145. δ) Of leader, prince, commander, or god from subjects and persons placed in his power, §778. Horace to Augustus:
Praesenti tibi maturos largimur honores,
Iurandasque tuum per numen ponimus aras,
Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes.
Sed tuus hoc populus sapiens et iustus in uno,
Te nostris ducibus, te Graiis anteferendo,
Caetera nequaquam simili ratione modoque
Aestumat.
"On you, while present among us, we confer mature honors, and rear altars where your name is to be sworn by; confessing that nothing equal to you has hitherto risen, or will hereafter rise. But this your people, wise and just in one point (for preferring you to our own, you to the Grecian heroes), by no means estimate other things with like proportion and measure."
ep. II. 1. 20.
Epistles II.1.20.
Comparatio possessoris et possessi dat illustrationem γ) possessoris a re possessa:
Comparison of possessor and possessed gives illustration γ) of the possessor from the thing possessed:
Non illi imperium pelagi, saevumque tridentem
Sed mihi sorte datum. Tenet ille immania saxa,
Vestras, Eure, domos. Illa se iactet in aula
Aeolus, et clauso ventorum carcere regnet.
"Not unto him
dominion o'er the seas and trident dread,
but unto me, Fate gives. Let him possess
wild mountain crags, thy favored haunt and home,
O Eurus! In his barbarous mansion there,
let Aeolus look proud, and play the king
in yon close-bounded prison-house of storms!"
145. δ) ducis, principis, imperantis, dei a subditis et personis, in illius potestate constitutis. § 778. Horatius ad Augustum:
v.145. δ) Of leader, prince, commander, or god from subjects and persons placed in his power, §778. Horace to Augustus:
Praesenti tibi maturos largimur honores,
Iurandasque tuum per numen ponimus aras,
Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes.
Sed tuus hoc populus sapiens et iustus in uno,
Te nostris ducibus, te Graiis anteferendo,
Caetera nequaquam simili ratione modoque
Aestumat.
"On you, while present among us, we confer mature honors, and rear altars where your name is to be sworn by; confessing that nothing equal to you has hitherto risen, or will hereafter rise. But this your people, wise and just in one point (for preferring you to our own, you to the Grecian heroes), by no means estimate other things with like proportion and measure."
ep. II. 1. 20.
Epistles II.1.20.
Comparatio possessoris et possessi dat illustrationem γ)
Comparison of possessor and possessed gives illustration γ) of
possessoris a re possessa:
the possessor from the thing possessed:
Non illi imperium pelagi, saevumque tridentem
Sed mihi sorte datum. Tenet ille immania saxa,
Vestras, Eure, domos. Illa se iactet in aula
Aeolus, et clauso ventorum carcere regnet.
"Not unto him
dominion o'er the seas and trident dread,
but unto me, Fate gives. Let him possess
wild mountain crags, thy favored haunt and home,
O Eurus! In his barbarous mansion there,
let Aeolus look proud, and play the king
in yon close-bounded prison-house of storms!"
145. δ) ducis, principis, imperantis,
v.145. δ) Of leader, prince, commander,
dei a subditis et personis, in illius potestate constitutis.
or god from subjects and persons placed in his power,
§ 778. Horatius ad Augustum:
§778. Horace to Augustus:
Praesenti tibi maturos largimur honores,
Iurandasque tuum per numen ponimus aras,
Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes.
Sed tuus hoc populus sapiens et iustus in uno,
Te nostris ducibus, te Graiis anteferendo,
Caetera nequaquam simili ratione modoque
Aestumat.
"On you, while present among us, we confer mature honors, and rear altars where your name is to be sworn by; confessing that nothing equal to you has hitherto risen, or will hereafter rise. But this your people, wise and just in one point (for preferring you to our own, you to the Grecian heroes), by no means estimate other things with like proportion and measure."
ep. II. 1. 20.
Epistles II.1.20.
Comparatio possessoris et possessi dat illustrationem γ) possessoris a re possessa: / Comparison of possessor and possessed gives illustration γ) of the possessor from the thing possessed:
Non illi imperium pelagi, saevumque tridentem
Sed mihi sorte datum. Tenet ille immania saxa,
Vestras, Eure, domos. Illa se iactet in aula
Aeolus, et clauso ventorum carcere regnet.
"Not unto him
dominion o'er the seas and trident dread,
but unto me, Fate gives. Let him possess
wild mountain crags, thy favored haunt and home,
O Eurus! In his barbarous mansion there,
let Aeolus look proud, and play the king
in yon close-bounded prison-house of storms!"
145. δ) ducis, principis, imperantis, dei a subditis et personis, in illius potestate constitutis. § 778. Horatius ad Augustum: / v.145. δ) Of leader, prince, commander, or god from subjects and persons placed in his power, §778. Horace to Augustus:
Praesenti tibi maturos largimur honores,
Iurandasque tuum per numen ponimus aras,
Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes.
Sed tuus hoc populus sapiens et iustus in uno,
Te nostris ducibus, te Graiis anteferendo,
Caetera nequaquam simili ratione modoque
Aestumat.
"On you, while present among us, we confer mature honors, and rear altars where your name is to be sworn by; confessing that nothing equal to you has hitherto risen, or will hereafter rise. But this your people, wise and just in one point (for preferring you to our own, you to the Grecian heroes), by no means estimate other things with like proportion and measure."
ep. II. 1. 20. / Epistles II.1.20.
§ 780
SECTIO XXXXVII
TROPI
TROPUM hic non attendo tantum, quatenus
SECTION XXXXVII
TROPES
Here I do not attend to TROPUS only insofar as it
est verbi vel sermonis a propria significatione in aliam cum virtute mutatio,
By a trope is meant the artistic alteration of a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another.,
Quint. VIII. 6. multo minus, quem necessitas et linguae paupertas necessarium facit, quoties significandum est, cuius non est in data lingua proprium vocabulum, minime, quem ignorantia proprietatis in loquendo procudit: sed omnem elegantem perceptionis unius pro altera substitutionem, sive vocabulis translatis significetur, quod notissimum, sive sonis sibi invicem substitutis a musico, sive coloribus a pictore, sive per aliud quodcunque signorum genus eleganter te pro uno aliud cogitasse exprimas.
Quintilian VIII.6; much less to the trope which necessity and poverty of language make necessary whenever something must be signified for which there is no proper word in a given language; least of all to the one which ignorance of propriety in speaking hammers out. Rather, I attend to every elegant substitution of one perception for another, whether it is signified by transferred words, the best-known case, or by sounds substituted for one another by a musician, or by colors by a painter, or through any other kind of signs by which you elegantly express that you have thought one thing for another.
SECTIO XXXXVII
TROPI
TROPUM hic non attendo tantum, quatenus
SECTION XXXXVII
TROPES
Here I do not attend to TROPUS only insofar as it
est verbi vel sermonis a propria significatione in aliam cum virtute mutatio,
By a trope is meant the artistic alteration of a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another.,
Quint. VIII. 6. multo minus, quem necessitas et linguae paupertas necessarium facit, quoties significandum est, cuius non est in data lingua proprium vocabulum, minime, quem ignorantia proprietatis in loquendo procudit: sed omnem elegantem perceptionis unius pro altera substitutionem, sive vocabulis translatis significetur, quod notissimum, sive sonis sibi invicem substitutis a musico, sive coloribus a pictore, sive per aliud quodcunque signorum genus eleganter te pro uno aliud cogitasse exprimas.
Quintilian VIII.6; much less to the trope which necessity and poverty of language make necessary whenever something must be signified for which there is no proper word in a given language; least of all to the one which ignorance of propriety in speaking hammers out. Rather, I attend to every elegant substitution of one perception for another, whether it is signified by transferred words, the best-known case, or by sounds substituted for one another by a musician, or by colors by a painter, or through any other kind of signs by which you elegantly express that you have thought one thing for another.
SECTIO XXXXVII TROPI TROPUM hic non attendo tantum,
SECTION XXXXVII TROPES Here I do not attend to TROPUS only
quatenus
insofar as it
est verbi vel sermonis a propria significatione in aliam cum virtute mutatio,
By a trope is meant the artistic alteration of a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another.,
Quint. VIII. 6. multo minus, quem
Quintilian VIII.6; much less to the trope which
necessitas et linguae paupertas necessarium facit,
necessity and poverty of language make necessary whenever something must
quoties significandum est,
be signified for which there is
cuius non est in data lingua
no proper word in a given language;
proprium vocabulum, minime, quem ignorantia
least of all to the one which ignorance of
proprietatis in loquendo procudit: sed
propriety in speaking hammers out. Rather,
omnem elegantem perceptionis unius pro altera substitutionem,
I attend to every elegant substitution of one perception for another,
sive vocabulis translatis significetur, quod notissimum,
whether it is signified by transferred words, the best-known
sive sonis sibi invicem substitutis
case, or by sounds substituted for one
a musico, sive coloribus a pictore,
another by a musician, or by colors by a painter,
sive per aliud quodcunque signorum genus
or through any other kind of signs by which
eleganter te pro uno aliud cogitasse exprimas.
you elegantly express that you have thought one thing for another.
SECTIO XXXXVII TROPI TROPUM hic non attendo tantum, quatenus / SECTION XXXXVII TROPES Here I do not attend to TROPUS only insofar as it
est verbi vel sermonis a propria significatione in aliam cum virtute mutatio,
By a trope is meant the artistic alteration of a word or phrase from its proper meaning to another.,
Quint. VIII. 6. multo minus, quem necessitas et linguae paupertas necessarium facit, quoties significandum est, cuius non est in data lingua proprium vocabulum, minime, quem ignorantia proprietatis in loquendo procudit: sed omnem elegantem perceptionis unius pro altera substitutionem, sive vocabulis translatis significetur, quod notissimum, sive sonis sibi invicem substitutis a musico, sive coloribus a pictore, sive per aliud quodcunque signorum genus eleganter te pro uno aliud cogitasse exprimas. / Quintilian VIII.6; much less to the trope which necessity and poverty of language make necessary whenever something must be signified for which there is no proper word in a given language; least of all to the one which ignorance of propriety in speaking hammers out. Rather, I attend to every elegant substitution of one perception for another, whether it is signified by transferred words, the best-known case, or by sounds substituted for one another by a musician, or by colors by a painter, or through any other kind of signs by which you elegantly express that you have thought one thing for another.
§ 781
Venustam intueamur troporum genesin, et pulveris exigui iactu componi potest inexplicabilis, quam Fabius praefatur l. c.
Let us look at the graceful genesis of tropes, and with a tiny toss of dust the inexplicable battle which Fabius prefaces in the cited place can be settled:
nisi grammaticorum inter ipsos, philosophorum certe pugna circa tropum, quae sint genera, quae species, qui numerus, quis cuique subiiciatur? An sit figura
This is a subject which has given rise to interminable disputes among the teachers of literature, who have quarrelled no less violently with the philosophers than among themselves over the problem of the genera and species into which tropes may be divided, their number and their correct classification.,
e. c. In certo pulcrae tuae meditationis loco vividitas postulet comparationem aliquam, § 734. quam tamen ibidem diductam, amplam et copiosam, explicite cogitantis 1) subiectum 2) terminum comparationis, § 736. non admittat rotunda brevitas, § 166: habebis locum excipiendi, § 24. Exceptio, qua sic satisfiat vividitati, ne quid inde detrimenti capiat rotunda brevitas, erit possibilium minima, § 24. sane non inelegans, § 25. Quod si iam omittas, nec explicite cogites, nec peculiari termino significes, subiectum comparationis, sed eidem substituas, eiusdemque loco solum explicite cogites, solum significes terminum comparationis, auditori spectatorive relinquens, ut inde tacitus ille secum evolvat subiectum comparationis, ita satisfecisti vividitati comparationem poscenti, ne quid inde detrimenti ceperit rotunda brevitas, quoniam seriem explicite cogitatorum ne uno quidem auxisti signo vel verbulo. Unde nascitur substitutio termini comparationis pro subiecto eiusdem non inelegans, tropus. § 780.
and so on. In a certain place of your beautiful meditation vividness may demand some comparison, §734, yet rounded brevity, §166, may not admit comparison there drawn out, ample, and copious, explicitly thinking 1) subject and 2) term of comparison, §736. You will have a place for exception, §24. The exception by which vividness is satisfied without damaging rounded brevity will be the least possible, §24, and certainly not inelegant, §25. If now you omit and neither explicitly think nor signify by a special term the subject of comparison, but substitute for it the term of comparison, and in its place explicitly think and signify only that term, leaving the hearer or spectator silently to unfold the subject of comparison from it, you have satisfied vividness demanding comparison without damaging rounded brevity, since you have not increased the series of explicit thoughts by even one sign or little word. From this is born the not inelegant substitution of the term of comparison for its subject: trope, §780.
Venustam intueamur troporum genesin, et pulveris exigui iactu componi potest inexplicabilis, quam Fabius praefatur l. c.
Let us look at the graceful genesis of tropes, and with a tiny toss of dust the inexplicable battle which Fabius prefaces in the cited place can be settled:
nisi grammaticorum inter ipsos, philosophorum certe pugna circa tropum, quae sint genera, quae species, qui numerus, quis cuique subiiciatur? An sit figura
This is a subject which has given rise to interminable disputes among the teachers of literature, who have quarrelled no less violently with the philosophers than among themselves over the problem of the genera and species into which tropes may be divided, their number and their correct classification.,
e. c. In certo pulcrae tuae meditationis loco vividitas postulet comparationem aliquam, § 734. quam tamen ibidem diductam, amplam et copiosam, explicite cogitantis 1) subiectum 2) terminum comparationis, § 736. non admittat rotunda brevitas, § 166: habebis locum excipiendi, § 24. Exceptio, qua sic satisfiat vividitati, ne quid inde detrimenti capiat rotunda brevitas, erit possibilium minima, § 24. sane non inelegans, § 25. Quod si iam omittas, nec explicite cogites, nec peculiari termino significes, subiectum comparationis, sed eidem substituas, eiusdemque loco solum explicite cogites, solum significes terminum comparationis, auditori spectatorive relinquens, ut inde tacitus ille secum evolvat subiectum comparationis, ita satisfecisti vividitati comparationem poscenti, ne quid inde detrimenti ceperit rotunda brevitas, quoniam seriem explicite cogitatorum ne uno quidem auxisti signo vel verbulo.
and so on. In a certain place of your beautiful meditation vividness may demand some comparison, §734, yet rounded brevity, §166, may not admit comparison there drawn out, ample, and copious, explicitly thinking 1) subject and 2) term of comparison, §736. You will have a place for exception, §24. The exception by which vividness is satisfied without damaging rounded brevity will be the least possible, §24, and certainly not inelegant, §25. If now you omit and neither explicitly think nor signify by a special term the subject of comparison, but substitute for it the term of comparison, and in its place explicitly think and signify only that term, leaving the hearer or spectator silently to unfold the subject of comparison from it, you have satisfied vividness demanding comparison without damaging rounded brevity, since you have not increased the series of explicit thoughts by even one sign or little word.
Unde nascitur substitutio termini comparationis pro subiecto eiusdem non inelegans, tropus. § 780.
From this is born the not inelegant substitution of the term of comparison for its subject: trope, §780.
Venustam intueamur troporum genesin,
Let us look at the graceful genesis of tropes,
et pulveris exigui iactu componi potest inexplicabilis,
and with a tiny toss of dust the inexplicable
quam Fabius praefatur l. c.
battle which Fabius prefaces in the cited place can be settled:
nisi grammaticorum inter ipsos, philosophorum certe pugna circa tropum, quae sint genera, quae species, qui numerus, quis cuique subiiciatur? An sit figura
This is a subject which has given rise to interminable disputes among the teachers of literature, who have quarrelled no less violently with the philosophers than among themselves over the problem of the genera and species into which tropes may be divided, their number and their correct classification.,
e. c. In certo pulcrae tuae
and so on. In a certain place of your
meditationis loco vividitas postulet comparationem aliquam, § 734.
beautiful meditation vividness may demand some comparison, §734,
quam tamen ibidem diductam,
yet rounded brevity, §166, may not admit comparison there drawn out,
amplam et copiosam, explicite cogitantis 1) subiectum 2) terminum comparationis,
ample, and copious, explicitly thinking 1) subject and 2) term of comparison,
§ 736. non admittat rotunda brevitas, § 166: habebis locum excipiendi, § 24.
§736. You will have a place for exception, §24.
Exceptio, qua sic satisfiat vividitati,
The exception by which vividness is satisfied
ne quid inde detrimenti capiat rotunda brevitas,
without damaging rounded brevity
erit possibilium minima, § 24.
will be the least possible, §24,
sane non inelegans, § 25. Quod si iam omittas,
and certainly not inelegant, §25. If now you omit
nec explicite cogites,
and neither explicitly think nor signify by
nec peculiari termino significes, subiectum comparationis, sed eidem substituas,
a special term the subject of comparison, but substitute
eiusdemque
for it the term of comparison,
loco solum explicite cogites,
and in its place explicitly think
solum significes terminum comparationis, auditori spectatorive relinquens,
and signify only that term, leaving the hearer or spectator silently
ut inde tacitus ille secum evolvat subiectum comparationis,
to unfold the subject of comparison
ita satisfecisti vividitati comparationem poscenti,
from it, you have satisfied vividness demanding comparison without
ne quid inde detrimenti ceperit rotunda brevitas,
damaging rounded brevity, since you have not increased
quoniam seriem explicite cogitatorum ne uno quidem
the series of explicit thoughts by even one
auxisti signo vel verbulo.
sign or little word.
Unde nascitur substitutio
From this is born the not inelegant substitution of
termini comparationis pro subiecto eiusdem non inelegans, tropus. § 780.
the term of comparison for its subject: trope, §780.
Venustam intueamur troporum genesin, et pulveris exigui iactu componi potest inexplicabilis, quam Fabius praefatur l. c. / Let us look at the graceful genesis of tropes, and with a tiny toss of dust the inexplicable battle which Fabius prefaces in the cited place can be settled:
nisi grammaticorum inter ipsos, philosophorum certe pugna circa tropum, quae sint genera, quae species, qui numerus, quis cuique subiiciatur? An sit figura
This is a subject which has given rise to interminable disputes among the teachers of literature, who have quarrelled no less violently with the philosophers than among themselves over the problem of the genera and species into which tropes may be divided, their number and their correct classification.,
e. c. In certo pulcrae tuae meditationis loco vividitas postulet comparationem aliquam, § 734. quam tamen ibidem diductam, amplam et copiosam, explicite cogitantis 1) subiectum 2) terminum comparationis, § 736. non admittat rotunda brevitas, § 166: habebis locum excipiendi, § 24. Exceptio, qua sic satisfiat vividitati, ne quid inde detrimenti capiat rotunda brevitas, erit possibilium minima, § 24. sane non inelegans, § 25. Quod si iam omittas, nec explicite cogites, nec peculiari termino significes, subiectum comparationis, sed eidem substituas, eiusdemque loco solum explicite cogites, solum significes terminum comparationis, auditori spectatorive relinquens, ut inde tacitus ille secum evolvat subiectum comparationis, ita satisfecisti vividitati comparationem poscenti, ne quid inde detrimenti ceperit rotunda brevitas, quoniam seriem explicite cogitatorum ne uno quidem auxisti signo vel verbulo. / and so on. In a certain place of your beautiful meditation vividness may demand some comparison, §734, yet rounded brevity, §166, may not admit comparison there drawn out, ample, and copious, explicitly thinking 1) subject and 2) term of comparison, §736. You will have a place for exception, §24. The exception by which vividness is satisfied without damaging rounded brevity will be the least possible, §24, and certainly not inelegant, §25. If now you omit and neither explicitly think nor signify by a special term the subject of comparison, but substitute for it the term of comparison, and in its place explicitly think and signify only that term, leaving the hearer or spectator silently to unfold the subject of comparison from it, you have satisfied vividness demanding comparison without damaging rounded brevity, since you have not increased the series of explicit thoughts by even one sign or little word.
Unde nascitur substitutio termini comparationis pro subiecto eiusdem non inelegans, tropus. § 780. / From this is born the not inelegant substitution of the term of comparison for its subject: trope, §780.
§ 782
Quae sunt ergo troporum genera? quae species? Eaedem, quae comparationis latius dictae. § 734–779. Qui fit numerus? innumerabilis. Quis cuique subiicitur? Qui non est METAPHORA, contracta assimilatio, § 735–741. nec SYNECDOCHE, contracta comparatio maioris et minoris, S. XXXXIIII. nec IRONIA, contracta antithesis, S. XXXXV. erit ille sane METONYMIA, contracta comparatio strictius dicta, S. XXXXVI. quemadmodum eruditus, qui nec theologus, nec iureconsultus, nec medicus nominatur, eo ipso philosophicum in ordinem amandatur per academias.
What, then, are the genera of tropes? What are the species? The same as those of comparison broadly so called, §§734–779. How is the number made? Innumerable. What is subordinated to what? Whatever is not METAPHOR, contracted assimilation, §§735–741, nor SYNECDOCHE, contracted comparison of greater and lesser, Section XXXXIIII, nor IRONY, contracted antithesis, Section XXXXV, will surely be METONYMY, contracted comparison strictly so called, Section XXXXVI; just as a learned man who is called neither theologian, nor jurist, nor physician is by that very fact banished into the philosophical order throughout the academies.
Quae sunt ergo troporum genera? quae species?
What, then, are the genera of tropes? What are the species?
Eaedem, quae comparationis latius dictae. § 734–779. Qui fit numerus? innumerabilis.
The same as those of comparison broadly so called, §§734–779. How is the number made?
Quis cuique subiicitur?
Innumerable.
Qui non est METAPHORA, contracta assimilatio, § 735–741. nec SYNECDOCHE, contracta comparatio maioris et minoris, S. XXXXIIII. nec IRONIA, contracta antithesis, S. XXXXV. erit ille sane METONYMIA, contracta comparatio strictius dicta, S. XXXXVI. quemadmodum eruditus, qui nec theologus, nec iureconsultus, nec medicus nominatur, eo ipso philosophicum in ordinem amandatur per academias.
What is subordinated to what? Whatever is not METAPHOR, contracted assimilation, §§735–741, nor SYNECDOCHE, contracted comparison of greater and lesser, Section XXXXIIII, nor IRONY, contracted antithesis, Section XXXXV, will surely be METONYMY, contracted comparison strictly so called, Section XXXXVI; just as a learned man who is called neither theologian, nor jurist, nor physician is by that very fact banished into the philosophical order throughout the academies.
Quae sunt ergo troporum genera? quae species?
What, then, are the genera of tropes? What are the species?
Eaedem, quae comparationis latius dictae.
The same as those of comparison broadly so
§ 734–779. Qui fit numerus? innumerabilis.
called, §§734–779. How is the number made?
Quis cuique subiicitur?
Innumerable.
Qui non est METAPHORA, contracta assimilatio, § 735–741.
What is subordinated to what? Whatever is not METAPHOR, contracted assimilation, §§735–741,
nec SYNECDOCHE, contracta comparatio maioris et minoris, S.
nor SYNECDOCHE, contracted comparison of greater and lesser, Section
XXXXIIII. nec IRONIA, contracta antithesis, S. XXXXV.
XXXXIIII, nor IRONY, contracted antithesis, Section XXXXV,
erit ille sane METONYMIA, contracta comparatio strictius dicta, S.
will surely be METONYMY, contracted comparison strictly so called, Section
XXXXVI. quemadmodum eruditus,
XXXXVI; just as a learned man who
qui nec theologus, nec iureconsultus, nec medicus nominatur,
is called neither theologian, nor jurist, nor physician is by
eo ipso philosophicum in ordinem amandatur per academias.
that very fact banished into the philosophical order throughout the academies.
Quae sunt ergo troporum genera? quae species? / What, then, are the genera of tropes? What are the species?
Eaedem, quae comparationis latius dictae. § 734–779. Qui fit numerus? innumerabilis. / The same as those of comparison broadly so called, §§734–779. How is the number made?
Quis cuique subiicitur? / Innumerable.
Qui non est METAPHORA, contracta assimilatio, § 735–741. nec SYNECDOCHE, contracta comparatio maioris et minoris, S. XXXXIIII. nec IRONIA, contracta antithesis, S. XXXXV. erit ille sane METONYMIA, contracta comparatio strictius dicta, S. XXXXVI. quemadmodum eruditus, qui nec theologus, nec iureconsultus, nec medicus nominatur, eo ipso philosophicum in ordinem amandatur per academias. / What is subordinated to what? Whatever is not METAPHOR, contracted assimilation, §§735–741, nor SYNECDOCHE, contracted comparison of greater and lesser, Section XXXXIIII, nor IRONY, contracted antithesis, Section XXXXV, will surely be METONYMY, contracted comparison strictly so called, Section XXXXVI; just as a learned man who is called neither theologian, nor jurist, nor physician is by that very fact banished into the philosophical order throughout the academies.
§ 783
An figurae tropi sunt, an tropi figurae?
Are figures tropes, or tropes figures?
Plerique hos tropos esse existimaverunt – ius est idem. Nam et vim rebus adiiciunt,
For many authors have considered figures identical with tropes, because ... Their employment is also the same. For they add force and charm to our matter.,
M. § 515. et gratiam praestant, § 780, 26.
Metaphysics §515, and provide grace, §§780, 26.
Nec desunt, qui tropis figurae nomen imponant, quorum est C. Artorius Proculus. Quin adeo similitudo manifesta, ut eam discernere non sit in promtu – Haec scio, quam multiplicem habeant, quamque scrupulosam disputationem. – Haec de quibus loquimur, sive tropi, sive figurae dicentur, idem efficient – Illud tamen notandum, coire frequenter in easdem sententias, et tropon, et figuram. Tam enim translatis, quam propriis figuratur oratio. Est autem non mediocris inter auctores dissensio, et quae vis nominis eius, et quot genera, et quam multae sint species.
There are some again who call tropes figures, Artorius Proculus among them. Further the resemblance between the two is so close that it is not easy to distinguish between them. ... For I admit that the name is common to both and am aware of the complicated and minute discussions to which it has given rise. ... so these artifices will produce exactly the same effect, whether they are styled tropes or figures, since their values lie not in their names, but in their effect. ... But we must note the fact that trope and figure are often combined in the expression of the same thought, since figures are introduced just as much by the metaphorical as by the literal use of words. There is, however, a considerable difference of opinion among authors as to the meaning of the name, the number of genera and the nature and number of the species into which figures may be divided.,
Quint. VIII. 1.
Quintilian VIII.1.
Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.
"Yet what author first published humble elegies, the critics dispute, and the controversy still waits the determination of a judge."
Hor.
Horace.
An figurae tropi sunt, an tropi figurae?
Are figures tropes, or tropes figures?
Plerique hos tropos esse existimaverunt – ius est idem. Nam et vim rebus adiiciunt,
For many authors have considered figures identical with tropes, because ... Their employment is also the same. For they add force and charm to our matter.,
M. § 515. et gratiam praestant, § 780, 26.
Metaphysics §515, and provide grace, §§780, 26.
Nec desunt, qui tropis figurae nomen imponant, quorum est C. Artorius Proculus. Quin adeo similitudo manifesta, ut eam discernere non sit in promtu – Haec scio, quam multiplicem habeant, quamque scrupulosam disputationem. – Haec de quibus loquimur, sive tropi, sive figurae dicentur, idem efficient – Illud tamen notandum, coire frequenter in easdem sententias, et tropon, et figuram. Tam enim translatis, quam propriis figuratur oratio. Est autem non mediocris inter auctores dissensio, et quae vis nominis eius, et quot genera, et quam multae sint species.
There are some again who call tropes figures, Artorius Proculus among them. Further the resemblance between the two is so close that it is not easy to distinguish between them. ... For I admit that the name is common to both and am aware of the complicated and minute discussions to which it has given rise. ... so these artifices will produce exactly the same effect, whether they are styled tropes or figures, since their values lie not in their names, but in their effect. ... But we must note the fact that trope and figure are often combined in the expression of the same thought, since figures are introduced just as much by the metaphorical as by the literal use of words. There is, however, a considerable difference of opinion among authors as to the meaning of the name, the number of genera and the nature and number of the species into which figures may be divided.,
Quint. VIII. 1.
Quintilian VIII.1.
Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.
"Yet what author first published humble elegies, the critics dispute, and the controversy still waits the determination of a judge."
Hor.
Horace.
An figurae tropi sunt, an tropi figurae?
Are figures tropes, or tropes figures?
Plerique hos tropos esse existimaverunt – ius est idem. Nam et vim rebus adiiciunt,
For many authors have considered figures identical with tropes, because ... Their employment is also the same. For they add force and charm to our matter.,
M. § 515. et gratiam praestant, § 780, 26.
Metaphysics §515, and provide grace, §§780, 26.
Nec desunt, qui tropis figurae nomen imponant, quorum est C. Artorius Proculus. Quin adeo similitudo manifesta, ut eam discernere non sit in promtu – Haec scio, quam multiplicem habeant, quamque scrupulosam disputationem. – Haec de quibus loquimur, sive tropi, sive figurae dicentur, idem efficient – Illud tamen notandum, coire frequenter in easdem sententias, et tropon, et figuram. Tam enim translatis, quam propriis figuratur oratio. Est autem non mediocris inter auctores dissensio, et quae vis nominis eius, et quot genera, et quam multae sint species.
There are some again who call tropes figures, Artorius Proculus among them. Further the resemblance between the two is so close that it is not easy to distinguish between them. ... For I admit that the name is common to both and am aware of the complicated and minute discussions to which it has given rise. ... so these artifices will produce exactly the same effect, whether they are styled tropes or figures, since their values lie not in their names, but in their effect. ... But we must note the fact that trope and figure are often combined in the expression of the same thought, since figures are introduced just as much by the metaphorical as by the literal use of words. There is, however, a considerable difference of opinion among authors as to the meaning of the name, the number of genera and the nature and number of the species into which figures may be divided.,
Quint. VIII. 1.
Quintilian VIII.1.
Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.
"Yet what author first published humble elegies, the critics dispute, and the controversy still waits the determination of a judge."
Hor.
Horace.
An figurae tropi sunt, an tropi figurae? / Are figures tropes, or tropes figures?
Plerique hos tropos esse existimaverunt – ius est idem. Nam et vim rebus adiiciunt,
For many authors have considered figures identical with tropes, because ... Their employment is also the same. For they add force and charm to our matter.,
M. § 515. et gratiam praestant, § 780, 26. / Metaphysics §515, and provide grace, §§780, 26.
Nec desunt, qui tropis figurae nomen imponant, quorum est C. Artorius Proculus. Quin adeo similitudo manifesta, ut eam discernere non sit in promtu – Haec scio, quam multiplicem habeant, quamque scrupulosam disputationem. – Haec de quibus loquimur, sive tropi, sive figurae dicentur, idem efficient – Illud tamen notandum, coire frequenter in easdem sententias, et tropon, et figuram. Tam enim translatis, quam propriis figuratur oratio. Est autem non mediocris inter auctores dissensio, et quae vis nominis eius, et quot genera, et quam multae sint species.
There are some again who call tropes figures, Artorius Proculus among them. Further the resemblance between the two is so close that it is not easy to distinguish between them. ... For I admit that the name is common to both and am aware of the complicated and minute discussions to which it has given rise. ... so these artifices will produce exactly the same effect, whether they are styled tropes or figures, since their values lie not in their names, but in their effect. ... But we must note the fact that trope and figure are often combined in the expression of the same thought, since figures are introduced just as much by the metaphorical as by the literal use of words. There is, however, a considerable difference of opinion among authors as to the meaning of the name, the number of genera and the nature and number of the species into which figures may be divided.,
Quint. VIII. 1. / Quintilian VIII.1.
Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.
"Yet what author first published humble elegies, the critics dispute, and the controversy still waits the determination of a judge."
Hor. / Horace.
§ 784
Philosopho nodus in scirpo quaeri videatur. § 781. Non omnes figurae tropi sunt, § 26, 780. Rectius autem bonus ille Proculus, si tropon ex notione Quintiliani paullisper extensa sumas, § 780. nec eo necessarias quascunque, multo minus inficetas ignorantium linguam, quam loquuntur, translationes referas. Omnis tropus, quem definivi, est FIGURA, sed CRYPTICA, cuius genuina forma non statim apparet, quoniam est figura contracta per substitutionem. § 782.
To the philosopher this may seem to seek a knot in a rush, §781. Not all figures are tropes, §§26, 780. But that good Proculus is more correct if you take trope from Quintilian's notion extended a little, §780, and do not refer to it any necessary transfers whatever, much less tasteless transfers of those ignorant of the language they speak. Every trope that I have defined is a FIGURE, but a CRYPTIC one, whose genuine form does not immediately appear, because it is a figure contracted by substitution, §782.
Philosopho nodus in scirpo quaeri videatur. § 781. Non omnes figurae tropi sunt, § 26, 780. Rectius autem bonus ille Proculus, si tropon ex notione Quintiliani paullisper extensa sumas, § 780. nec eo necessarias quascunque, multo minus inficetas ignorantium linguam, quam loquuntur, translationes referas.
To the philosopher this may seem to seek a knot in a rush, §781. Not all figures are tropes, §§26, 780. But that good Proculus is more correct if you take trope from Quintilian's notion extended a little, §780, and do not refer to it any necessary transfers whatever, much less tasteless transfers of those ignorant of the language they speak.
Omnis tropus, quem definivi, est FIGURA, sed CRYPTICA, cuius genuina forma non statim apparet, quoniam est figura contracta per substitutionem. § 782.
Every trope that I have defined is a FIGURE, but a CRYPTIC one, whose genuine form does not immediately appear, because it is a figure contracted by substitution, §782.
Philosopho nodus
To the philosopher this may seem to seek a
in scirpo quaeri videatur. § 781.
knot in a rush, §781.
Non omnes figurae tropi sunt, § 26, 780.
Not all figures are tropes, §§26, 780.
Rectius autem bonus ille Proculus, si
But that good Proculus is more correct if
tropon ex notione Quintiliani paullisper extensa sumas, § 780.
you take trope from Quintilian's notion extended a little, §780,
nec eo necessarias quascunque,
and do not refer to it any necessary transfers
multo minus inficetas ignorantium linguam,
whatever, much less tasteless transfers of those ignorant of the language
quam loquuntur, translationes referas.
they speak.
Omnis tropus, quem definivi, est FIGURA,
Every trope that I have defined is a FIGURE,
sed CRYPTICA, cuius genuina forma non statim apparet,
but a CRYPTIC one, whose genuine form does not immediately appear,
quoniam est figura contracta per substitutionem. § 782.
because it is a figure contracted by substitution, §782.
Philosopho nodus in scirpo quaeri videatur. § 781. Non omnes figurae tropi sunt, § 26, 780. Rectius autem bonus ille Proculus, si tropon ex notione Quintiliani paullisper extensa sumas, § 780. nec eo necessarias quascunque, multo minus inficetas ignorantium linguam, quam loquuntur, translationes referas. / To the philosopher this may seem to seek a knot in a rush, §781. Not all figures are tropes, §§26, 780. But that good Proculus is more correct if you take trope from Quintilian's notion extended a little, §780, and do not refer to it any necessary transfers whatever, much less tasteless transfers of those ignorant of the language they speak.
Omnis tropus, quem definivi, est FIGURA, sed CRYPTICA, cuius genuina forma non statim apparet, quoniam est figura contracta per substitutionem. § 782. / Every trope that I have defined is a FIGURE, but a CRYPTIC one, whose genuine form does not immediately appear, because it is a figure contracted by substitution, §782.
§ 785
Logici scholasticorum docent PROPOSITIONEM EXPONIBILEM, ex affirmanti et negante cryptice compositam, quales exclusivae, exceptivae, restrictivae, e. c. Nisi vererer latinis incommodus esse auribus, tropos figuras dicerem exponibiles. Quemadmodum enim barbaram propositionibus denominationem dedit schola, quoniam expositione indigent, ut appareat genuina utriusque partis forma, ex quibus coaluerunt; sic tropus, ut grammaticis etiam, qui non sunt philosophi, figura appareat, expositione indiget. Si ex termino comparationis, qui solus in tropo cogitatur explicite, significatus proprius, eruas omissum subiectum comparationis, significatum improprium, et hoc, neglecto brevitatis amore, explicite manifestoque penes terminum comparationis cogites, et utrumque te cogitare peculiaribus cuiusvis terminis et signis declares, TROPUS EXPONITUR.
The school logicians teach the EXPONIBLE PROPOSITION, cryptically composed of affirming and denying, such as exclusive, exceptive, restrictive propositions, and so forth. Unless I feared being inconvenient to Latin ears, I would call tropes exponible figures. For just as the school gave a barbarous denomination to propositions because they need exposition so that the genuine form of both parts from which they coalesced may appear, so a trope needs exposition so that it may appear as a figure even to grammarians who are not philosophers. If from the term of comparison, which alone is explicitly thought in a trope, you draw out the omitted subject of comparison, the improper signification, and, neglecting the love of brevity, explicitly and manifestly think this beside the term of comparison and declare that you think both by special terms and signs for each, THE TROPE IS EXPOUNDED.
Logici scholasticorum docent PROPOSITIONEM EXPONIBILEM, ex affirmanti et negante cryptice compositam, quales exclusivae, exceptivae, restrictivae, e. c. Nisi vererer latinis incommodus esse auribus, tropos figuras dicerem exponibiles.
The school logicians teach the EXPONIBLE PROPOSITION, cryptically composed of affirming and denying, such as exclusive, exceptive, restrictive propositions, and so forth. Unless I feared being inconvenient to Latin ears, I would call tropes exponible figures.
Quemadmodum enim barbaram propositionibus denominationem dedit schola, quoniam expositione indigent, ut appareat genuina utriusque partis forma, ex quibus coaluerunt; sic tropus, ut grammaticis etiam, qui non sunt philosophi, figura appareat, expositione indiget.
For just as the school gave a barbarous denomination to propositions because they need exposition so that the genuine form of both parts from which they coalesced may appear, so a trope needs exposition so that it may appear as a figure even to grammarians who are not philosophers.
Si ex termino comparationis, qui solus in tropo cogitatur explicite, significatus proprius, eruas omissum subiectum comparationis, significatum improprium, et hoc, neglecto brevitatis amore, explicite manifestoque penes terminum comparationis cogites, et utrumque te cogitare peculiaribus cuiusvis terminis et signis declares, TROPUS EXPONITUR.
If from the term of comparison, which alone is explicitly thought in a trope, you draw out the omitted subject of comparison, the improper signification, and, neglecting the love of brevity, explicitly and manifestly think this beside the term of comparison and declare that you think both by special terms and signs for each, THE TROPE IS EXPOUNDED.
Logici scholasticorum docent PROPOSITIONEM EXPONIBILEM,
The school logicians teach the EXPONIBLE PROPOSITION,
ex affirmanti et negante cryptice compositam,
cryptically composed of affirming and denying, such
quales exclusivae, exceptivae, restrictivae, e. c.
as exclusive, exceptive, restrictive propositions, and so forth.
Nisi vererer latinis incommodus
Unless I feared being inconvenient to Latin ears,
esse auribus, tropos figuras dicerem exponibiles.
I would call tropes exponible figures.
Quemadmodum enim barbaram propositionibus denominationem dedit schola,
For just as the school gave a barbarous denomination to propositions
quoniam expositione indigent, ut appareat genuina
because they need exposition so that the genuine form
utriusque partis forma, ex quibus coaluerunt;
of both parts from which they coalesced may appear,
sic tropus, ut grammaticis
so a trope needs exposition so that it may
etiam, qui non sunt philosophi, figura appareat, expositione indiget.
appear as a figure even to grammarians who are not philosophers.
Si ex termino comparationis,
If from the term of comparison,
qui solus in tropo
which alone is explicitly thought in a trope,
cogitatur explicite, significatus proprius, eruas omissum subiectum comparationis,
you draw out the omitted subject of comparison,
significatum improprium, et hoc, neglecto brevitatis
the improper signification, and, neglecting the love of brevity,
amore, explicite manifestoque penes terminum comparationis cogites,
explicitly and manifestly think this beside the term of comparison
et utrumque te cogitare peculiaribus cuiusvis terminis
and declare that you think both by special terms
et signis declares, TROPUS EXPONITUR.
and signs for each, THE TROPE IS EXPOUNDED.
Logici scholasticorum docent PROPOSITIONEM EXPONIBILEM, ex affirmanti et negante cryptice compositam, quales exclusivae, exceptivae, restrictivae, e. c. Nisi vererer latinis incommodus esse auribus, tropos figuras dicerem exponibiles. / The school logicians teach the EXPONIBLE PROPOSITION, cryptically composed of affirming and denying, such as exclusive, exceptive, restrictive propositions, and so forth. Unless I feared being inconvenient to Latin ears, I would call tropes exponible figures.
Quemadmodum enim barbaram propositionibus denominationem dedit schola, quoniam expositione indigent, ut appareat genuina utriusque partis forma, ex quibus coaluerunt; sic tropus, ut grammaticis etiam, qui non sunt philosophi, figura appareat, expositione indiget. / For just as the school gave a barbarous denomination to propositions because they need exposition so that the genuine form of both parts from which they coalesced may appear, so a trope needs exposition so that it may appear as a figure even to grammarians who are not philosophers.
Si ex termino comparationis, qui solus in tropo cogitatur explicite, significatus proprius, eruas omissum subiectum comparationis, significatum improprium, et hoc, neglecto brevitatis amore, explicite manifestoque penes terminum comparationis cogites, et utrumque te cogitare peculiaribus cuiusvis terminis et signis declares, TROPUS EXPONITUR. / If from the term of comparison, which alone is explicitly thought in a trope, you draw out the omitted subject of comparison, the improper signification, and, neglecting the love of brevity, explicitly and manifestly think this beside the term of comparison and declare that you think both by special terms and signs for each, THE TROPE IS EXPOUNDED.
§ 786
Metaphoram exponens habebis manifestam assimilationem, § 735. Synecdochen exponens videbis comparationem maioris et minoris. Est ergo vel ADSCENDENS SYNECDOCHE, vel DESCENDENS, § 742. Expone ironiam: habebis antithesin, § 763. Metonymia denique resolvetur in aliquam comparationem strictius dictam. § 773, 782. Quicquid itaque de figuris commemoratis huc usque dictum est, § 730–779. illud ut de tropis, earum crypsesi, repetamus, non est necesse.
Expounding metaphor, you will have manifest assimilation, §735. Expounding synecdoche, you will see comparison of greater and lesser. Therefore it is either ASCENDING SYNECDOCHE or DESCENDING, §742. Expound irony: you will have antithesis, §763. Finally, metonymy will be resolved into some comparison strictly so called, §§773, 782. Whatever has therefore been said up to this point about figures, §§730–779, need not be repeated about tropes and their cryptic character.
Metaphoram exponens habebis manifestam assimilationem, § 735. Synecdochen exponens videbis comparationem maioris et minoris.
Expounding metaphor, you will have manifest assimilation, §735. Expounding synecdoche, you will see comparison of greater and lesser.
Est ergo vel ADSCENDENS SYNECDOCHE, vel DESCENDENS, § 742. Expone ironiam: habebis antithesin, § 763. Metonymia denique resolvetur in aliquam comparationem strictius dictam. § 773, 782. Quicquid itaque de figuris commemoratis huc usque dictum est, § 730–779. illud ut de tropis, earum crypsesi, repetamus, non est necesse.
Therefore it is either ASCENDING SYNECDOCHE or DESCENDING, §742. Expound irony: you will have antithesis, §763. Finally, metonymy will be resolved into some comparison strictly so called, §§773, 782. Whatever has therefore been said up to this point about figures, §§730–779, need not be repeated about tropes and their cryptic character.
Metaphoram exponens habebis manifestam assimilationem, § 735.
Expounding metaphor, you will have manifest assimilation, §735.
Synecdochen exponens videbis comparationem maioris et minoris.
Expounding synecdoche, you will see comparison of greater and lesser.
Est ergo vel ADSCENDENS SYNECDOCHE, vel DESCENDENS, § 742.
Therefore it is either ASCENDING SYNECDOCHE or DESCENDING, §742.
Expone ironiam: habebis antithesin, § 763.
Expound irony: you will have antithesis, §763.
Metonymia denique resolvetur in aliquam comparationem strictius dictam.
Finally, metonymy will be resolved into some comparison strictly so
§ 773, 782. Quicquid itaque
called, §§773, 782. Whatever has therefore been said up
de figuris commemoratis huc usque dictum est, § 730–779.
to this point about figures, §§730–779,
illud ut de tropis, earum crypsesi,
need not be repeated about tropes and their cryptic
repetamus, non est necesse.
character.
Metaphoram exponens habebis manifestam assimilationem, § 735. Synecdochen exponens videbis comparationem maioris et minoris. / Expounding metaphor, you will have manifest assimilation, §735. Expounding synecdoche, you will see comparison of greater and lesser.
Est ergo vel ADSCENDENS SYNECDOCHE, vel DESCENDENS, § 742. Expone ironiam: habebis antithesin, § 763. Metonymia denique resolvetur in aliquam comparationem strictius dictam. § 773, 782. Quicquid itaque de figuris commemoratis huc usque dictum est, § 730–779. illud ut de tropis, earum crypsesi, repetamus, non est necesse. / Therefore it is either ASCENDING SYNECDOCHE or DESCENDING, §742. Expound irony: you will have antithesis, §763. Finally, metonymy will be resolved into some comparison strictly so called, §§773, 782. Whatever has therefore been said up to this point about figures, §§730–779, need not be repeated about tropes and their cryptic character.
§ 787
In totum metaphora brevior est similitudine (assimilatione manifesta et explicita, § 735.) § 781, 782.
On the whole metaphor is shorter than simile, that is, manifest and explicit assimilation, §735, §§781–782,
quod illa comparatur (explicite) rei, quam volumus exprimere (subiecto comparationis) haec pro ipsa re dicitur. Comparatio est, quum dico facere quid hominem, ut leonem. Translatio est, quum dico de homine leo est.
that in the latter we compare some object to the thing which we wish to describe, whereas in the former this object is actually substituted for the thing. It is a comparison when I say that a man did something like a lion, it is a metaphor when I say of him, He is a lion.
(et quidem metaphora) Quint. VIII. 6. Sed est etiam audacior metaphora, quam comparatio; hinc ausi hominem cum leone comparare, saporis eruditi homines non audent temere leonem eundem dicere, § 313. Non tango species metaphorae, quoniam
The comparison is explicit; "the thing we wish to express" is the subject of comparison; and the latter case is indeed metaphor. Quintilian VIII.6. But metaphor is also bolder than comparison; hence educated people who have dared to compare a man with a lion do not rashly dare to call the same man a lion, §313. I do not touch the species of metaphor, because
iam non pueris praecipimus, ut, accepto genere, species intelligere non possint.
But I am not now teaching boys: my readers are old enough to discover the species for themselves when once they have been given the genus..
ib. Caveantur 1) quarum frequens usus obscurat, et taedio complet, § 731. 2) humiles, sordidae, deformes, § 736, 762. 3) nimio maiores aut, quod saepius accidit, minores, § 737. unde tumor vel βάθος. 4) dissimiles, quarum ipsum comparationis tertium notabiliter differt in termino et subiecto assimilationis, § 736. 5) durae, i. e. a longinqua similitudine ductae, § 741. Metaphora, sicut omnis tropus, § 781.
Let these be avoided: 1) metaphors whose frequent use obscures and fills with tedium, §731; 2) low, sordid, deformed ones, §§736, 762; 3) those too great or, as more often happens, too small, §737, whence swelling or βάθος; 4) dissimilar ones, whose third of comparison differs notably in term and subject of assimilation, §736; 5) hard ones, that is, drawn from remote likeness, §741. Metaphor, like every trope, §781,
si in alienum locum venit, debet plus valere,
if it fills the room of something else, should be more impressive
§ 26.
eo, quod expellit.
than that which it displaces.,
Quint. ib.
Quintilian.
In totum metaphora brevior est similitudine (assimilatione manifesta et explicita, § 735.) § 781, 782.
On the whole metaphor is shorter than simile, that is, manifest and explicit assimilation, §735, §§781–782,
quod illa comparatur (explicite) rei, quam volumus exprimere (subiecto comparationis) haec pro ipsa re dicitur. Comparatio est, quum dico facere quid hominem, ut leonem. Translatio est, quum dico de homine leo est.
that in the latter we compare some object to the thing which we wish to describe, whereas in the former this object is actually substituted for the thing. It is a comparison when I say that a man did something like a lion, it is a metaphor when I say of him, He is a lion.
(et quidem metaphora) Quint. VIII. 6. Sed est etiam audacior metaphora, quam comparatio; hinc ausi hominem cum leone comparare, saporis eruditi homines non audent temere leonem eundem dicere, § 313. Non tango species metaphorae, quoniam
The comparison is explicit; "the thing we wish to express" is the subject of comparison; and the latter case is indeed metaphor. Quintilian VIII.6. But metaphor is also bolder than comparison; hence educated people who have dared to compare a man with a lion do not rashly dare to call the same man a lion, §313. I do not touch the species of metaphor, because
iam non pueris praecipimus, ut, accepto genere, species intelligere non possint.
But I am not now teaching boys: my readers are old enough to discover the species for themselves when once they have been given the genus..
ib. Caveantur 1) quarum frequens usus obscurat, et taedio complet, § 731. 2) humiles, sordidae, deformes, § 736, 762. 3) nimio maiores aut, quod saepius accidit, minores, § 737. unde tumor vel βάθος. 4) dissimiles, quarum ipsum comparationis tertium notabiliter differt in termino et subiecto assimilationis, § 736. 5) durae, i. e. a longinqua similitudine ductae, § 741. Metaphora, sicut omnis tropus, § 781.
Let these be avoided: 1) metaphors whose frequent use obscures and fills with tedium, §731; 2) low, sordid, deformed ones, §§736, 762; 3) those too great or, as more often happens, too small, §737, whence swelling or βάθος; 4) dissimilar ones, whose third of comparison differs notably in term and subject of assimilation, §736; 5) hard ones, that is, drawn from remote likeness, §741. Metaphor, like every trope, §781,
si in alienum locum venit, debet plus valere,
if it fills the room of something else, should be more impressive
§ 26.
eo, quod expellit.
than that which it displaces.,
Quint. ib.
Quintilian.
In totum metaphora brevior est similitudine
On the whole metaphor is shorter than simile,
(assimilatione manifesta et explicita, § 735.) § 781, 782.
that is, manifest and explicit assimilation, §735, §§781–782,
quod illa comparatur (explicite) rei, quam volumus exprimere (subiecto comparationis) haec pro ipsa re dicitur. Comparatio est, quum dico facere quid hominem, ut leonem. Translatio est, quum dico de homine leo est.
that in the latter we compare some object to the thing which we wish to describe, whereas in the former this object is actually substituted for the thing. It is a comparison when I say that a man did something like a lion, it is a metaphor when I say of him, He is a lion.
(et quidem metaphora) Quint. VIII.
The comparison is explicit; "the thing we wish to express" is the subject of comparison; and the latter case is indeed metaphor. Quintilian VIII.6.
6. Sed est etiam audacior metaphora, quam comparatio;
But metaphor is also bolder than comparison;
hinc ausi hominem
hence educated people who have dared to compare a
cum leone comparare, saporis eruditi homines non
man with a lion do not
audent temere leonem eundem dicere, § 313.
rashly dare to call the same man a lion, §313.
Non tango species metaphorae, quoniam
I do not touch the species of metaphor, because
iam non pueris praecipimus, ut, accepto genere, species intelligere non possint.
But I am not now teaching boys: my readers are old enough to discover the species for themselves when once they have been given the genus..
ib. Caveantur 1) quarum frequens usus obscurat,
Let these be avoided: 1) metaphors whose frequent use obscures
et taedio complet, § 731.
and fills with tedium, §731;
2) humiles, sordidae, deformes, § 736, 762.
2) low, sordid, deformed ones, §§736, 762;
3) nimio maiores aut, quod saepius accidit, minores,
3) those too great or, as more
§ 737. unde tumor vel βάθος.
often happens, too small, §737, whence swelling or βάθος;
4) dissimiles, quarum ipsum comparationis tertium notabiliter
4) dissimilar ones, whose third of comparison differs notably
differt in termino et subiecto assimilationis, § 736.
in term and subject of assimilation, §736;
5) durae, i. e. a longinqua similitudine ductae, § 741.
5) hard ones, that is, drawn from remote likeness, §741.
Metaphora, sicut omnis tropus, § 781.
Metaphor, like every trope, §781,
si in alienum locum venit, debet plus valere,
if it fills the room of something else, should be more impressive
§ 26.
eo, quod expellit.
than that which it displaces.,
Quint. ib.
Quintilian.
In totum metaphora brevior est similitudine (assimilatione manifesta et explicita, § 735.) § 781, 782. / On the whole metaphor is shorter than simile, that is, manifest and explicit assimilation, §735, §§781–782,
quod illa comparatur (explicite) rei, quam volumus exprimere (subiecto comparationis) haec pro ipsa re dicitur. Comparatio est, quum dico facere quid hominem, ut leonem. Translatio est, quum dico de homine leo est.
that in the latter we compare some object to the thing which we wish to describe, whereas in the former this object is actually substituted for the thing. It is a comparison when I say that a man did something like a lion, it is a metaphor when I say of him, He is a lion.
(et quidem metaphora) Quint. VIII. 6. Sed est etiam audacior metaphora, quam comparatio; hinc ausi hominem cum leone comparare, saporis eruditi homines non audent temere leonem eundem dicere, § 313. Non tango species metaphorae, quoniam / The comparison is explicit; "the thing we wish to express" is the subject of comparison; and the latter case is indeed metaphor. Quintilian VIII.6. But metaphor is also bolder than comparison; hence educated people who have dared to compare a man with a lion do not rashly dare to call the same man a lion, §313. I do not touch the species of metaphor, because
iam non pueris praecipimus, ut, accepto genere, species intelligere non possint.
But I am not now teaching boys: my readers are old enough to discover the species for themselves when once they have been given the genus..
ib. Caveantur 1) quarum frequens usus obscurat, et taedio complet, § 731. 2) humiles, sordidae, deformes, § 736, 762. 3) nimio maiores aut, quod saepius accidit, minores, § 737. unde tumor vel βάθος. 4) dissimiles, quarum ipsum comparationis tertium notabiliter differt in termino et subiecto assimilationis, § 736. 5) durae, i. e. a longinqua similitudine ductae, § 741. Metaphora, sicut omnis tropus, § 781. / Let these be avoided: 1) metaphors whose frequent use obscures and fills with tedium, §731; 2) low, sordid, deformed ones, §§736, 762; 3) those too great or, as more often happens, too small, §737, whence swelling or βάθος; 4) dissimilar ones, whose third of comparison differs notably in term and subject of assimilation, §736; 5) hard ones, that is, drawn from remote likeness, §741. Metaphor, like every trope, §781,
si in alienum locum venit, debet plus valere,
if it fills the room of something else, should be more impressive
§ 26. /
eo, quod expellit.
than that which it displaces.,
Quint. ib. / Quintilian.
§ 788
Expositionis § 786. et diiudicationis § 787. ad exercitium haec exempla sunto:
For exercise in exposition, §786, and judgment, §787, let these be examples:
Homo homini deus est, si suum officium sciat.
"Man is a god to his fellow-man, if he know his duty."
Caecil.
Caecilius;
Egomet credidi
Homini docto mandare, id indocto mando maximo.
"I myself supposed that I was entrusting the matter to a skilful person, and I entrusted it to an utter stone."
Plaut.
Plautus;
Te quia rugae
Turpant, et capitis nives.
"because wrinkles and snowy hair render you odious."
Hor.
Horace;
Aut porcus Umber, aut obesus Etruscus.
Nec ullius natantis impetum trabis
Nequisse praeterire, sive palmulis
Opus foret volare, sive linteo.
Ille, post phaselus, antea fuit
Comata silva. Nam Cytherio in iugo
Loquente saepe sibilum edidit coma.
"From poem 39.11:
Stuffed Umbrian or Tuscan overgrown
From poem 4.3-5 and 4.10-12:
Nor could by swiftness of aught plank that swims,
Be she outstripped, whether paddle plied,
Or fared she scudding under canvas-sail.
...
Where she (my Pinnace now) in times before,
Was leafy woodling on Cytórean Chine
For ever loquent lisping with her leaves."
Cat.
Expositionis § 786. et diiudicationis § 787. ad exercitium haec exempla sunto:
For exercise in exposition, §786, and judgment, §787, let these be examples:
Homo homini deus est, si suum officium sciat.
"Man is a god to his fellow-man, if he know his duty."
Caecil.
Caecilius;
Egomet credidi
Homini docto mandare, id indocto mando maximo.
"I myself supposed that I was entrusting the matter to a skilful person, and I entrusted it to an utter stone."
Plaut.
Plautus;
Te quia rugae
Turpant, et capitis nives.
"because wrinkles and snowy hair render you odious."
Hor.
Horace;
Aut porcus Umber, aut obesus Etruscus.
Nec ullius natantis impetum trabis
Nequisse praeterire, sive palmulis
Opus foret volare, sive linteo.
Ille, post phaselus, antea fuit
Comata silva. Nam Cytherio in iugo
Loquente saepe sibilum edidit coma.
"From poem 39.11:
Stuffed Umbrian or Tuscan overgrown
From poem 4.3-5 and 4.10-12:
Nor could by swiftness of aught plank that swims,
Be she outstripped, whether paddle plied,
Or fared she scudding under canvas-sail.
...
Where she (my Pinnace now) in times before,
Was leafy woodling on Cytórean Chine
For ever loquent lisping with her leaves."
Cat.
Expositionis § 786. et diiudicationis § 787.
For exercise in exposition, §786, and judgment, §787,
ad exercitium haec exempla sunto:
let these be examples:
Homo homini deus est, si suum officium sciat.
"Man is a god to his fellow-man, if he know his duty."
Caecil.
Caecilius;
Egomet credidi
Homini docto mandare, id indocto mando maximo.
"I myself supposed that I was entrusting the matter to a skilful person, and I entrusted it to an utter stone."
Plaut.
Plautus;
Te quia rugae
Turpant, et capitis nives.
"because wrinkles and snowy hair render you odious."
Hor.
Horace;
Aut porcus Umber, aut obesus Etruscus.
Nec ullius natantis impetum trabis
Nequisse praeterire, sive palmulis
Opus foret volare, sive linteo.
Ille, post phaselus, antea fuit
Comata silva. Nam Cytherio in iugo
Loquente saepe sibilum edidit coma.
"From poem 39.11:
Stuffed Umbrian or Tuscan overgrown
From poem 4.3-5 and 4.10-12:
Nor could by swiftness of aught plank that swims,
Be she outstripped, whether paddle plied,
Or fared she scudding under canvas-sail.
...
Where she (my Pinnace now) in times before,
Was leafy woodling on Cytórean Chine
For ever loquent lisping with her leaves."
Cat.
Expositionis § 786. et diiudicationis § 787. ad exercitium haec exempla sunto: / For exercise in exposition, §786, and judgment, §787, let these be examples:
Homo homini deus est, si suum officium sciat.
"Man is a god to his fellow-man, if he know his duty."
Caecil. / Caecilius;
Egomet credidi
Homini docto mandare, id indocto mando maximo.
"I myself supposed that I was entrusting the matter to a skilful person, and I entrusted it to an utter stone."
Plaut. / Plautus;
Te quia rugae
Turpant, et capitis nives.
"because wrinkles and snowy hair render you odious."
Hor. / Horace;
Aut porcus Umber, aut obesus Etruscus.
Nec ullius natantis impetum trabis
Nequisse praeterire, sive palmulis
Opus foret volare, sive linteo.
Ille, post phaselus, antea fuit
Comata silva. Nam Cytherio in iugo
Loquente saepe sibilum edidit coma.
"From poem 39.11:
Stuffed Umbrian or Tuscan overgrown
From poem 4.3-5 and 4.10-12:
Nor could by swiftness of aught plank that swims,
Be she outstripped, whether paddle plied,
Or fared she scudding under canvas-sail.
...
Where she (my Pinnace now) in times before,
Was leafy woodling on Cytórean Chine
For ever loquent lisping with her leaves."
Cat. /
§ 789
Synecdoche adscendens § 786. erit elegans substitutio 1) totius pro parte, § 780, 743. Plautus ulmorum Acheronta per iocum dicit servum vimeis saepe virgis vapulantem.
Ascending synecdoche, §786, will be the elegant substitution 1) of the whole for the part, §§780, 743. Plautus jokingly calls a slave often beaten with elm switches "an Acheron of elms."
Serviet aeternum, qui parvo nesciet uti.
"shall eternally be a slave, for not knowing how to use a little."
Hor. Vel ipsa scilicet aeviternitas pars tantum aeternitatis est. Virgilius aliquando elephantum pro ebore, dente elephanti, ponit. § 753. 2) superioris pro inferiori, § 744. Huc εὐφημισμοί, quibus ad mortem pertinentia circumscribebant huius non lubenter memores:
Horace. Aeviternity itself, of course, is only part of eternity. Virgil sometimes puts elephant for ivory, the elephant's tooth, §753. 2) Of the superior for the inferior, §744. Here belong εὐφημισμοί, euphemisms, by which people not gladly mindful of death would circumlocute things pertaining to death:
si quid illi gravius acciderit,
if any disaster happens to you,
e. c. pro consolatione lugentium:
and so on; for consolation of mourners,
Paullum quidlibet alloquutionis
Moestius lacrumis Simonideis,
"Yet some consoling utterance had been well
Though sadder ’twere than Simonídean tears."
Cat. quibus Venerea solebant obumbrare.
Catullus; by which they used to shade sexual matters:
Tibi ultro supplicatum advenio ob stultitiam meam.
"But I come to you of my own accord to supplicate you on account of my folly."
Plaut. (stuprum illatum filiae).
Plautus, that is, rape inflicted on a daughter.
Synecdoche adscendens § 786. erit elegans substitutio 1) totius pro parte, § 780, 743. Plautus ulmorum Acheronta per iocum dicit servum vimeis saepe virgis vapulantem.
Ascending synecdoche, §786, will be the elegant substitution 1) of the whole for the part, §§780, 743. Plautus jokingly calls a slave often beaten with elm switches "an Acheron of elms."
Serviet aeternum, qui parvo nesciet uti.
"shall eternally be a slave, for not knowing how to use a little."
Hor. Vel ipsa scilicet aeviternitas pars tantum aeternitatis est.
Horace. Aeviternity itself, of course, is only part of eternity.
Virgilius aliquando elephantum pro ebore, dente elephanti, ponit. § 753. 2) superioris pro inferiori, § 744. Huc εὐφημισμοί, quibus ad mortem pertinentia circumscribebant huius non lubenter memores:
Virgil sometimes puts elephant for ivory, the elephant's tooth, §753. 2) Of the superior for the inferior, §744. Here belong εὐφημισμοί, euphemisms, by which people not gladly mindful of death would circumlocute things pertaining to death:
si quid illi gravius acciderit,
if any disaster happens to you,
e. c. pro consolatione lugentium:
and so on; for consolation of mourners,
Paullum quidlibet alloquutionis
Moestius lacrumis Simonideis,
"Yet some consoling utterance had been well
Though sadder ’twere than Simonídean tears."
Cat. quibus Venerea solebant obumbrare.
Catullus; by which they used to shade sexual matters:
Tibi ultro supplicatum advenio ob stultitiam meam.
"But I come to you of my own accord to supplicate you on account of my folly."
Plaut. (stuprum illatum filiae).
Plautus, that is, rape inflicted on a daughter.
Synecdoche adscendens § 786. erit elegans substitutio
Ascending synecdoche, §786, will be the elegant substitution
1) totius pro parte, § 780, 743.
1) of the whole for the part, §§780, 743.
Plautus ulmorum Acheronta per iocum dicit servum
Plautus jokingly calls a slave often beaten with elm
vimeis saepe virgis vapulantem.
switches "an Acheron of elms."
Serviet aeternum, qui parvo nesciet uti.
"shall eternally be a slave, for not knowing how to use a little."
Hor. Vel ipsa scilicet aeviternitas pars tantum aeternitatis est.
Horace. Aeviternity itself, of course, is only part of eternity.
Virgilius aliquando elephantum pro ebore, dente elephanti, ponit.
Virgil sometimes puts elephant for ivory, the elephant's tooth,
§ 753. 2) superioris pro inferiori, § 744.
§753. 2) Of the superior for the inferior, §744.
Huc εὐφημισμοί, quibus ad mortem pertinentia
Here belong εὐφημισμοί, euphemisms, by which people
circumscribebant huius non
not gladly mindful of death would circumlocute
lubenter memores:
things pertaining to death:
si quid illi gravius acciderit,
if any disaster happens to you,
e. c. pro consolatione lugentium:
and so on; for consolation of mourners,
Paullum quidlibet alloquutionis
Moestius lacrumis Simonideis,
"Yet some consoling utterance had been well
Though sadder ’twere than Simonídean tears."
Cat. quibus Venerea solebant obumbrare.
Catullus; by which they used to shade sexual matters:
Tibi ultro supplicatum advenio ob stultitiam meam.
"But I come to you of my own accord to supplicate you on account of my folly."
Plaut. (stuprum illatum filiae).
Plautus, that is, rape inflicted on a daughter.
Synecdoche adscendens § 786. erit elegans substitutio 1) totius pro parte, § 780, 743. Plautus ulmorum Acheronta per iocum dicit servum vimeis saepe virgis vapulantem. / Ascending synecdoche, §786, will be the elegant substitution 1) of the whole for the part, §§780, 743. Plautus jokingly calls a slave often beaten with elm switches "an Acheron of elms."
Serviet aeternum, qui parvo nesciet uti.
"shall eternally be a slave, for not knowing how to use a little."
Hor. Vel ipsa scilicet aeviternitas pars tantum aeternitatis est. / Horace. Aeviternity itself, of course, is only part of eternity.
Virgilius aliquando elephantum pro ebore, dente elephanti, ponit. § 753. 2) superioris pro inferiori, § 744. Huc εὐφημισμοί, quibus ad mortem pertinentia circumscribebant huius non lubenter memores: / Virgil sometimes puts elephant for ivory, the elephant's tooth, §753. 2) Of the superior for the inferior, §744. Here belong εὐφημισμοί, euphemisms, by which people not gladly mindful of death would circumlocute things pertaining to death:
si quid illi gravius acciderit,
if any disaster happens to you,
e. c. pro consolatione lugentium: / and so on; for consolation of mourners,
Paullum quidlibet alloquutionis
Moestius lacrumis Simonideis,
"Yet some consoling utterance had been well
Though sadder ’twere than Simonídean tears."
Cat. quibus Venerea solebant obumbrare. / Catullus; by which they used to shade sexual matters:
Tibi ultro supplicatum advenio ob stultitiam meam.
"But I come to you of my own accord to supplicate you on account of my folly."
Plaut. (stuprum illatum filiae). / Plautus, that is, rape inflicted on a daughter.
§ 790
Synecdoche descendens, § 786. est venusta substitutio 1) partis pro toto, § 746.
Descending synecdoche, §786, is the graceful substitution 1) of part for whole, §746:
Plotius et Varius Sinuessae, Virgiliusque
Occurrunt, animae, quales neque candidiores
Terra tulit, neque queis me sit devinctior alter.
"Plotius, and Varius, and Virgil met us at Sinuessa; souls more candid ones than which the world never produced, nor is there a person in the world more bound to them than myself."
Hor. I. sat. V.
Horace, Satires I.5.
Sic forsan tener ausus est Catullus
Magno mittere passerem Maroni.
"Just so perhaps might the tender Catullus venture to send his sparrow to the great Virgil."
Mart. IIII. ep. 14. (poema de passere pro toto libro, quo continetur.) 2) inferioris pro superiori perceptione, § 749.
Martial IV.14, that is, the poem about the sparrow for the whole book in which it is contained. 2) Of the inferior for the superior perception, §749:
Nullo fata loco possis excludere, quum mors
Venerit, in medio Tibure Sardinia est.
"From no place can you shut out fate: when death comes, Sardinia is in the midst of Tivoli itself."
Mart. 60. Illud pro saluberrimo, haec pro loco, qui pestilens habebatur, est posita.
Martial 60. The former is put for the most healthful place, the latter for a place considered pestilential.
Synecdoche descendens, § 786. est venusta substitutio 1) partis pro toto, § 746.
Descending synecdoche, §786, is the graceful substitution 1) of part for whole, §746:
Plotius et Varius Sinuessae, Virgiliusque
Occurrunt, animae, quales neque candidiores
Terra tulit, neque queis me sit devinctior alter.
"Plotius, and Varius, and Virgil met us at Sinuessa; souls more candid ones than which the world never produced, nor is there a person in the world more bound to them than myself."
Hor. I. sat. V.
Horace, Satires I.5.
Sic forsan tener ausus est Catullus
Magno mittere passerem Maroni.
"Just so perhaps might the tender Catullus venture to send his sparrow to the great Virgil."
Mart. IIII. ep. 14. (poema de passere pro toto libro, quo continetur.) 2) inferioris pro superiori perceptione, § 749.
Martial IV.14, that is, the poem about the sparrow for the whole book in which it is contained. 2) Of the inferior for the superior perception, §749:
Nullo fata loco possis excludere, quum mors
Venerit, in medio Tibure Sardinia est.
"From no place can you shut out fate: when death comes, Sardinia is in the midst of Tivoli itself."
Mart. 60. Illud pro saluberrimo, haec pro loco, qui pestilens habebatur, est posita.
Martial 60. The former is put for the most healthful place, the latter for a place considered pestilential.
Synecdoche descendens, § 786. est venusta substitutio 1)
Descending synecdoche, §786, is the graceful substitution 1)
partis pro toto, § 746.
of part for whole, §746:
Plotius et Varius Sinuessae, Virgiliusque
Occurrunt, animae, quales neque candidiores
Terra tulit, neque queis me sit devinctior alter.
"Plotius, and Varius, and Virgil met us at Sinuessa; souls more candid ones than which the world never produced, nor is there a person in the world more bound to them than myself."
Hor. I. sat. V.
Horace, Satires I.5.
Sic forsan tener ausus est Catullus
Magno mittere passerem Maroni.
"Just so perhaps might the tender Catullus venture to send his sparrow to the great Virgil."
Mart. IIII. ep. 14. (poema de
Martial IV.14, that is, the poem about the sparrow
passere pro toto libro, quo continetur.)
for the whole book in which it is contained.
2) inferioris pro superiori perceptione, § 749.
2) Of the inferior for the superior perception, §749:
Nullo fata loco possis excludere, quum mors
Venerit, in medio Tibure Sardinia est.
"From no place can you shut out fate: when death comes, Sardinia is in the midst of Tivoli itself."
Mart. 60. Illud pro saluberrimo,
Martial 60. The former is put for
haec pro loco, qui pestilens habebatur, est posita.
the most healthful place, the latter for a place considered pestilential.
Synecdoche descendens, § 786. est venusta substitutio 1) partis pro toto, § 746. / Descending synecdoche, §786, is the graceful substitution 1) of part for whole, §746:
Plotius et Varius Sinuessae, Virgiliusque
Occurrunt, animae, quales neque candidiores
Terra tulit, neque queis me sit devinctior alter.
"Plotius, and Varius, and Virgil met us at Sinuessa; souls more candid ones than which the world never produced, nor is there a person in the world more bound to them than myself."
Hor. I. sat. V. / Horace, Satires I.5.
Sic forsan tener ausus est Catullus
Magno mittere passerem Maroni.
"Just so perhaps might the tender Catullus venture to send his sparrow to the great Virgil."
Mart. IIII. ep. 14. (poema de passere pro toto libro, quo continetur.) 2) inferioris pro superiori perceptione, § 749. / Martial IV.14, that is, the poem about the sparrow for the whole book in which it is contained. 2) Of the inferior for the superior perception, §749:
Nullo fata loco possis excludere, quum mors
Venerit, in medio Tibure Sardinia est.
"From no place can you shut out fate: when death comes, Sardinia is in the midst of Tivoli itself."
Mart. 60. Illud pro saluberrimo, haec pro loco, qui pestilens habebatur, est posita. / Martial 60. The former is put for the most healthful place, the latter for a place considered pestilential.
§ 791
Ironicam Ciceronis illusionem habet
Cicero has an ironic illusion in
C. Verres, praetor urbanus, homo sanctus et diligens,
"and because Caius Verres, the city praetor, a very conscientious and careful man, had not the list out of which judges were to be chosen in the place of those who had been rejected, in that book which was then produced full of erasures."
et illud in Clodium:
and that against Clodius:
Integritas tua te purgavit, mihi crede, pudor eripuit, vita ante acta servavit.
"Believe me, your well known integrity has cleared you of all blame, your modesty has saved you, your past life has been your salvation."
Nec irrisione caret, uti Fabius recte notat, initium orationis pro Ligario:
Nor is the beginning of the speech Pro Ligario without mockery, as Fabius rightly notes:
Novum crimen, C. Caesar, et ante hunc diem inauditum.
"It is a new crime, and one never heard of before this day, O Caius Caesar, which my relation Quintus Tubero has brought before you, when he accuses Quintus Ligarius with having been in Africa;"
Virgil:
Insere nunc, Meliboee, pyros, pone ordine vites!
Scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos
Exagitat!
"Now, Meliboeus, graft your pears, now set
Your vines in order!
...
Such doubtless is the task of gods above,
Such care disturbs their rest."
Virg.
Ironicam Ciceronis illusionem habet
Cicero has an ironic illusion in
C. Verres, praetor urbanus, homo sanctus et diligens,
"and because Caius Verres, the city praetor, a very conscientious and careful man, had not the list out of which judges were to be chosen in the place of those who had been rejected, in that book which was then produced full of erasures."
et illud in Clodium:
and that against Clodius:
Integritas tua te purgavit, mihi crede, pudor eripuit, vita ante acta servavit.
"Believe me, your well known integrity has cleared you of all blame, your modesty has saved you, your past life has been your salvation."
Nec irrisione caret, uti Fabius recte notat, initium orationis pro Ligario:
Nor is the beginning of the speech Pro Ligario without mockery, as Fabius rightly notes:
Novum crimen, C. Caesar, et ante hunc diem inauditum.
"It is a new crime, and one never heard of before this day, O Caius Caesar, which my relation Quintus Tubero has brought before you, when he accuses Quintus Ligarius with having been in Africa;"
Virgil:
Insere nunc, Meliboee, pyros, pone ordine vites!
Scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos
Exagitat!
"Now, Meliboeus, graft your pears, now set
Your vines in order!
...
Such doubtless is the task of gods above,
Such care disturbs their rest."
Virg.
Ironicam Ciceronis illusionem habet
Cicero has an ironic illusion in
C. Verres, praetor urbanus, homo sanctus et diligens,
"and because Caius Verres, the city praetor, a very conscientious and careful man, had not the list out of which judges were to be chosen in the place of those who had been rejected, in that book which was then produced full of erasures."
et illud in Clodium:
and that against Clodius:
Integritas tua te purgavit, mihi crede, pudor eripuit, vita ante acta servavit.
"Believe me, your well known integrity has cleared you of all blame, your modesty has saved you, your past life has been your salvation."
Nec irrisione caret, uti Fabius recte notat, initium orationis pro Ligario:
Nor is the beginning of the speech Pro Ligario without mockery, as Fabius rightly notes:
Novum crimen, C. Caesar, et ante hunc diem inauditum.
"It is a new crime, and one never heard of before this day, O Caius Caesar, which my relation Quintus Tubero has brought before you, when he accuses Quintus Ligarius with having been in Africa;"
Virgil:
Insere nunc, Meliboee, pyros, pone ordine vites!
Scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos
Exagitat!
"Now, Meliboeus, graft your pears, now set
Your vines in order!
...
Such doubtless is the task of gods above,
Such care disturbs their rest."
Virg.
Ironicam Ciceronis illusionem habet / Cicero has an ironic illusion in
C. Verres, praetor urbanus, homo sanctus et diligens,
"and because Caius Verres, the city praetor, a very conscientious and careful man, had not the list out of which judges were to be chosen in the place of those who had been rejected, in that book which was then produced full of erasures."
et illud in Clodium: / and that against Clodius:
Integritas tua te purgavit, mihi crede, pudor eripuit, vita ante acta servavit.
"Believe me, your well known integrity has cleared you of all blame, your modesty has saved you, your past life has been your salvation."
Nec irrisione caret, uti Fabius recte notat, initium orationis pro Ligario: / Nor is the beginning of the speech Pro Ligario without mockery, as Fabius rightly notes:
Novum crimen, C. Caesar, et ante hunc diem inauditum.
"It is a new crime, and one never heard of before this day, O Caius Caesar, which my relation Quintus Tubero has brought before you, when he accuses Quintus Ligarius with having been in Africa;"
/ Virgil:
Insere nunc, Meliboee, pyros, pone ordine vites!
Scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos
Exagitat!
"Now, Meliboeus, graft your pears, now set
Your vines in order!
...
Such doubtless is the task of gods above,
Such care disturbs their rest."
Virg. /
§ 792
Metonymia erit venusta substitutio, § 782. 1) efficientis caussae pro effectu:
Metonymy will be a graceful substitution, §782: 1) of efficient cause for effect,
Rarae sine Mentore mensae.
"everywhere the works of Polyclitus were to be seen; few tables were without a Mentor."
Iuv. VIII. 2) effectus pro caussa:
Juvenal VIII; 2) of effect for cause,
Pallentes habitant morbi, tristisque senectus.
"There sad Old Age abides, Diseases pale,"
Virg.
Virgil;
Donec virenti canities abest.
"While years are green, while sullen eld
Is distant."
Hor. I. 9. Senectutis effectus est canities. 3) medii pro fine:
Horace I.9, for gray hair is an effect of old age; 3) of means for end,
Phyllida mitte mihi, meus est natalis, Iola!
"Prithee, Iollas, for my birthday guest
send me your Phyllis;"
Virg. 4) finis pro medio. § 774.
Virgil; 4) of end for means, §774,
Meritos aris mactavit honores.
"he slew the victims for each altar's praise."
Virg.
Virgil.
Metonymia erit venusta substitutio, § 782. 1) efficientis caussae pro effectu:
Metonymy will be a graceful substitution, §782: 1) of efficient cause for effect,
Rarae sine Mentore mensae.
"everywhere the works of Polyclitus were to be seen; few tables were without a Mentor."
Iuv. VIII. 2) effectus pro caussa:
Juvenal VIII; 2) of effect for cause,
Pallentes habitant morbi, tristisque senectus.
"There sad Old Age abides, Diseases pale,"
Virg.
Virgil;
Donec virenti canities abest.
"While years are green, while sullen eld
Is distant."
Hor. I. 9. Senectutis effectus est canities. 3) medii pro fine:
Horace I.9, for gray hair is an effect of old age; 3) of means for end,
Phyllida mitte mihi, meus est natalis, Iola!
"Prithee, Iollas, for my birthday guest
send me your Phyllis;"
Virg. 4) finis pro medio. § 774.
Virgil; 4) of end for means, §774,
Meritos aris mactavit honores.
"he slew the victims for each altar's praise."
Virg.
Virgil.
Metonymia erit venusta substitutio, § 782.
Metonymy will be a graceful substitution, §782:
1) efficientis caussae pro effectu:
1) of efficient cause for effect,
Rarae sine Mentore mensae.
"everywhere the works of Polyclitus were to be seen; few tables were without a Mentor."
Iuv. VIII. 2) effectus pro caussa:
Juvenal VIII; 2) of effect for cause,
Pallentes habitant morbi, tristisque senectus.
"There sad Old Age abides, Diseases pale,"
Virg.
Virgil;
Donec virenti canities abest.
"While years are green, while sullen eld
Is distant."
Hor. I. 9. Senectutis effectus est canities.
Horace I.9, for gray hair is an effect of old
3) medii pro fine:
age; 3) of means for end,
Phyllida mitte mihi, meus est natalis, Iola!
"Prithee, Iollas, for my birthday guest
send me your Phyllis;"
Virg. 4) finis pro medio. § 774.
Virgil; 4) of end for means, §774,
Meritos aris mactavit honores.
"he slew the victims for each altar's praise."
Virg.
Virgil.
Metonymia erit venusta substitutio, § 782. 1) efficientis caussae pro effectu: / Metonymy will be a graceful substitution, §782: 1) of efficient cause for effect,
Rarae sine Mentore mensae.
"everywhere the works of Polyclitus were to be seen; few tables were without a Mentor."
Iuv. VIII. 2) effectus pro caussa: / Juvenal VIII; 2) of effect for cause,
Pallentes habitant morbi, tristisque senectus.
"There sad Old Age abides, Diseases pale,"
Virg. / Virgil;
Donec virenti canities abest.
"While years are green, while sullen eld
Is distant."
Hor. I. 9. Senectutis effectus est canities. 3) medii pro fine: / Horace I.9, for gray hair is an effect of old age; 3) of means for end,
Phyllida mitte mihi, meus est natalis, Iola!
"Prithee, Iollas, for my birthday guest
send me your Phyllis;"
Virg. 4) finis pro medio. § 774. / Virgil; 4) of end for means, §774,
Meritos aris mactavit honores.
"he slew the victims for each altar's praise."
Virg. / Virgil.
§ 793
5) Signi pro signato:
5) Of sign for signified:
Dum pueris omnis pater et matercula pallet.
"while every father and mother turn pale with fear for their children;"
Hor. Pallor signum timoris est. 6) Signati pro signo, § 775.
Horace, pallor being a sign of fear. 6) Of signified for sign, §775:
Nunc te marmoreum pro tempore fecimus, at tu,
Quum fuerit gregem suppleverit, aureus esto.
"Wrought for a while in marble, if the flock
at lambing time be filled, stand there in gold."
Virg. 7) Phaenomenorum in corpore pro simultaneis eorum in anima contingere solitis, § 776.
Virgil. 7) Of bodily phenomena for the simultaneous states that usually occur in the soul, §776: "O Bollanus, happy in brain!" and
O! te, Bollane, cerebri
Felicem!
O! ego laevus,
Qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam!
"O, said I to myself, Bolanus, how happy were you in a head-piece!
What an unlucky fellow am I, who am purged for the bile in spring-time!"
Hor. 8) affectionum animae pro correspondente cum iisdem corporis statu:
Horace. 8) Of affections of the soul for the corresponding bodily state:
Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet,
Ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali,
Postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit,
Huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae.
"O, were it not immutably resolved
in my fixed heart, that to no shape of man
I would be wed again (since my first love
left me by death abandoned and betrayed);
loathed I not so the marriage torch and train,
I could—who knows?—to this one weakness yield."
Aen. IV. 15.
Aeneid IV.15.
5) Signi pro signato:
5) Of sign for signified:
Dum pueris omnis pater et matercula pallet.
"while every father and mother turn pale with fear for their children;"
Hor. Pallor signum timoris est. 6) Signati pro signo, § 775.
Horace, pallor being a sign of fear. 6) Of signified for sign, §775:
Nunc te marmoreum pro tempore fecimus, at tu,
Quum fuerit gregem suppleverit, aureus esto.
"Wrought for a while in marble, if the flock
at lambing time be filled, stand there in gold."
Virg. 7) Phaenomenorum in corpore pro simultaneis eorum in anima contingere solitis, § 776.
Virgil. 7) Of bodily phenomena for the simultaneous states that usually occur in the soul, §776: "O Bollanus, happy in brain!" and
O! te, Bollane, cerebri
Felicem!
O! ego laevus,
Qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam!
"O, said I to myself, Bolanus, how happy were you in a head-piece!
What an unlucky fellow am I, who am purged for the bile in spring-time!"
Hor. 8) affectionum animae pro correspondente cum iisdem corporis statu:
Horace. 8) Of affections of the soul for the corresponding bodily state:
Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet,
Ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali,
Postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit,
Huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae.
"O, were it not immutably resolved
in my fixed heart, that to no shape of man
I would be wed again (since my first love
left me by death abandoned and betrayed);
loathed I not so the marriage torch and train,
I could—who knows?—to this one weakness yield."
Aen. IV. 15.
Aeneid IV.15.
5) Signi pro signato:
5) Of sign for signified:
Dum pueris omnis pater et matercula pallet.
"while every father and mother turn pale with fear for their children;"
Hor. Pallor signum timoris est.
Horace, pallor being a sign of fear.
6) Signati pro signo, § 775.
6) Of signified for sign, §775:
Nunc te marmoreum pro tempore fecimus, at tu,
Quum fuerit gregem suppleverit, aureus esto.
"Wrought for a while in marble, if the flock
at lambing time be filled, stand there in gold."
Virg. 7) Phaenomenorum in corpore pro simultaneis
Virgil. 7) Of bodily phenomena for the simultaneous
eorum in anima contingere solitis, § 776.
states that usually occur in the soul, §776: "O Bollanus, happy in brain!" and
O! te, Bollane, cerebri
Felicem!
O! ego laevus,
Qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam!
"O, said I to myself, Bolanus, how happy were you in a head-piece!
What an unlucky fellow am I, who am purged for the bile in spring-time!"
Hor. 8) affectionum animae pro correspondente cum iisdem corporis statu:
Horace. 8) Of affections of the soul for the corresponding bodily state:
Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet,
Ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali,
Postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit,
Huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae.
"O, were it not immutably resolved
in my fixed heart, that to no shape of man
I would be wed again (since my first love
left me by death abandoned and betrayed);
loathed I not so the marriage torch and train,
I could—who knows?—to this one weakness yield."
Aen. IV. 15.
Aeneid IV.15.
5) Signi pro signato: / 5) Of sign for signified:
Dum pueris omnis pater et matercula pallet.
"while every father and mother turn pale with fear for their children;"
Hor. Pallor signum timoris est. 6) Signati pro signo, § 775. / Horace, pallor being a sign of fear. 6) Of signified for sign, §775:
Nunc te marmoreum pro tempore fecimus, at tu,
Quum fuerit gregem suppleverit, aureus esto.
"Wrought for a while in marble, if the flock
at lambing time be filled, stand there in gold."
Virg. 7) Phaenomenorum in corpore pro simultaneis eorum in anima contingere solitis, § 776. / Virgil. 7) Of bodily phenomena for the simultaneous states that usually occur in the soul, §776: "O Bollanus, happy in brain!" and
O! te, Bollane, cerebri
Felicem!
O! ego laevus,
Qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam!
"O, said I to myself, Bolanus, how happy were you in a head-piece!
What an unlucky fellow am I, who am purged for the bile in spring-time!"
Hor. 8) affectionum animae pro correspondente cum iisdem corporis statu: / Horace. 8) Of affections of the soul for the corresponding bodily state:
Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet,
Ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali,
Postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit,
Huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae.
"O, were it not immutably resolved
in my fixed heart, that to no shape of man
I would be wed again (since my first love
left me by death abandoned and betrayed);
loathed I not so the marriage torch and train,
I could—who knows?—to this one weakness yield."
Aen. IV. 15. / Aeneid IV.15.
§ 794
9) Loci vel aetatis, temporis, horae, continentis pro re vel persona isto loco, vel tempore contenta. § 777.
9) Of place, age, time, hour, or container for the thing or person contained in that place or time, §777:
Quinque adeo magnae, positis incudibus, urbes
Tela novant, Atina potens, Tiburque superbum,
Ardea, Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae.
"Five mighty cities to their anvils bring
new-tempered arms: Atina—martial name—
proud Tibur, Ardea, Crustumium,
and river-walled Antemnae, crowned with towers"
Aen. VII. 630.
Aeneid VII.630;
Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
"all, see, enraptured of the coming time!"
Ecl. IIII. 52. 10) Contenti in tempore locove pro tempore et loco:
Eclogue IV.52. 10) Of what is contained in time or place for the time and place:
Nunc etiam pecudes umbras et frigora captant,
Nunc virides etiam occultant spineta lacertos,
Thestylis et rapido fessis messoribus aestu
Allia serpillumque herbas contundit olentes.
"Now even the cattle court the cooling shade
and the green lizard hides him in the thorn:
now for tired mowers, with the fierce heat spent,
pounds Thestilis her mess of savoury herbs,
wild thyme and garlic."
Ecl. II. 10.
Eclogue II.10;
Te campo quaesivimus in minore,
Te in circo, te in omnibus libellis.
"Thee throughout Campus Minor sought we all,
Thee in the Circus, thee in each bookstall,"
Cat. (pro tabernis librariis.)
Catullus, that is, in the booksellers' shops.
9) Loci vel aetatis, temporis, horae, continentis pro re vel persona isto loco, vel tempore contenta. § 777.
9) Of place, age, time, hour, or container for the thing or person contained in that place or time, §777:
Quinque adeo magnae, positis incudibus, urbes
Tela novant, Atina potens, Tiburque superbum,
Ardea, Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae.
"Five mighty cities to their anvils bring
new-tempered arms: Atina—martial name—
proud Tibur, Ardea, Crustumium,
and river-walled Antemnae, crowned with towers"
Aen. VII. 630.
Aeneid VII.630;
Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
"all, see, enraptured of the coming time!"
Ecl. IIII. 52. 10) Contenti in tempore locove pro tempore et loco:
Eclogue IV.52. 10) Of what is contained in time or place for the time and place:
Nunc etiam pecudes umbras et frigora captant,
Nunc virides etiam occultant spineta lacertos,
Thestylis et rapido fessis messoribus aestu
Allia serpillumque herbas contundit olentes.
"Now even the cattle court the cooling shade
and the green lizard hides him in the thorn:
now for tired mowers, with the fierce heat spent,
pounds Thestilis her mess of savoury herbs,
wild thyme and garlic."
Ecl. II. 10.
Eclogue II.10;
Te campo quaesivimus in minore,
Te in circo, te in omnibus libellis.
"Thee throughout Campus Minor sought we all,
Thee in the Circus, thee in each bookstall,"
Cat. (pro tabernis librariis.)
Catullus, that is, in the booksellers' shops.
9) Loci vel aetatis, temporis, horae,
9) Of place, age, time, hour,
continentis pro re vel persona isto loco,
or container for the thing or person contained in that place
vel tempore contenta. § 777.
or time, §777:
Quinque adeo magnae, positis incudibus, urbes
Tela novant, Atina potens, Tiburque superbum,
Ardea, Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae.
"Five mighty cities to their anvils bring
new-tempered arms: Atina—martial name—
proud Tibur, Ardea, Crustumium,
and river-walled Antemnae, crowned with towers"
Aen. VII. 630.
Aeneid VII.630;
Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
"all, see, enraptured of the coming time!"
Ecl. IIII. 52. 10) Contenti in
Eclogue IV.52. 10) Of what is contained in
tempore locove pro tempore et loco:
time or place for the time and place:
Nunc etiam pecudes umbras et frigora captant,
Nunc virides etiam occultant spineta lacertos,
Thestylis et rapido fessis messoribus aestu
Allia serpillumque herbas contundit olentes.
"Now even the cattle court the cooling shade
and the green lizard hides him in the thorn:
now for tired mowers, with the fierce heat spent,
pounds Thestilis her mess of savoury herbs,
wild thyme and garlic."
Ecl. II. 10.
Eclogue II.10;
Te campo quaesivimus in minore,
Te in circo, te in omnibus libellis.
"Thee throughout Campus Minor sought we all,
Thee in the Circus, thee in each bookstall,"
Cat. (pro tabernis librariis.)
Catullus, that is, in the booksellers' shops.
9) Loci vel aetatis, temporis, horae, continentis pro re vel persona isto loco, vel tempore contenta. § 777. / 9) Of place, age, time, hour, or container for the thing or person contained in that place or time, §777:
Quinque adeo magnae, positis incudibus, urbes
Tela novant, Atina potens, Tiburque superbum,
Ardea, Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae.
"Five mighty cities to their anvils bring
new-tempered arms: Atina—martial name—
proud Tibur, Ardea, Crustumium,
and river-walled Antemnae, crowned with towers"
Aen. VII. 630. / Aeneid VII.630;
Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
"all, see, enraptured of the coming time!"
Ecl. IIII. 52. 10) Contenti in tempore locove pro tempore et loco: / Eclogue IV.52. 10) Of what is contained in time or place for the time and place:
Nunc etiam pecudes umbras et frigora captant,
Nunc virides etiam occultant spineta lacertos,
Thestylis et rapido fessis messoribus aestu
Allia serpillumque herbas contundit olentes.
"Now even the cattle court the cooling shade
and the green lizard hides him in the thorn:
now for tired mowers, with the fierce heat spent,
pounds Thestilis her mess of savoury herbs,
wild thyme and garlic."
Ecl. II. 10. / Eclogue II.10;
Te campo quaesivimus in minore,
Te in circo, te in omnibus libellis.
"Thee throughout Campus Minor sought we all,
Thee in the Circus, thee in each bookstall,"
Cat. (pro tabernis librariis.) / Catullus, that is, in the booksellers' shops.
§ 795
11) Dei, domini, ducis, imperantis pro re possessa vel persona, quae in eius est potestate:
11) Of god, lord, leader, or commander for the thing possessed or person in his power:
Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus.
Upon my faith, it is a true saying, that Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus.;
Iam proximus ardet
Ucalegon.
"Deiphobus' great house
sank vanquished in the fire. Ucalegon's
hard by was blazing, while the waters wide
around Sigeum gave an answering glow."
Virg.
Virgil;
Ubi is homo est?
Iam devorandum censes, si conspexeris?
Dum datur, dum calet, devorari decet.
"Asinaria:
“Where is this person?”
“You think he ought to be devoured this instant, if you could see him.”
Pseudolus:
“Are you going to devour him already?”
“While he's fresh, while he's in the habit of giving away, while he's warm upon it, 'tis proper for him to be gobbled up.”"
Plaut. Confer, § 141. sis, Catulli locum citatum. 12) rei, vel personae, quae alicui, tanquam possessori, vel imperanti, competunt, pro hoc homine, possessore vel imperante. § 778.
Plautus. Compare, if you please, the cited place of Catullus, §141. 12) Of a thing or person belonging to someone as possessor or commander for this man, possessor, or commander, §778:
Cedant arma togae.
"Arms to the gown must yield."
Cic.
Cicero;
Flerunt Rhodopeiae arces,
Altaque Pangaea, et Rhesi Mavortia tellus.
"Wailed for her fate the heights of Rhodope,
And tall Pangaea, and, beloved of Mars,
The land that bowed to Rhesus, Thrace no less
With Hebrus' stream; and Orithyia wept,"
Georg. IV. 461.
Georgics IV.461;
Ille seu Parthos Latio imminentes
Egerit iusto domitos triumpho,
"Whether the Parthian, threatening Rome,
His eagles scatter to the wind."
Hor. I. od. 12.
Horace I.12.
11) Dei, domini, ducis, imperantis pro re possessa vel persona, quae in eius est potestate:
11) Of god, lord, leader, or commander for the thing possessed or person in his power:
Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus.
Upon my faith, it is a true saying, that Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus.;
Iam proximus ardet
Ucalegon.
"Deiphobus' great house
sank vanquished in the fire. Ucalegon's
hard by was blazing, while the waters wide
around Sigeum gave an answering glow."
Virg.
Virgil;
Ubi is homo est?
Iam devorandum censes, si conspexeris?
Dum datur, dum calet, devorari decet.
"Asinaria:
“Where is this person?”
“You think he ought to be devoured this instant, if you could see him.”
Pseudolus:
“Are you going to devour him already?”
“While he's fresh, while he's in the habit of giving away, while he's warm upon it, 'tis proper for him to be gobbled up.”"
Plaut.
Plautus.
Confer, § 141. sis, Catulli locum citatum. 12) rei, vel personae, quae alicui, tanquam possessori, vel imperanti, competunt, pro hoc homine, possessore vel imperante. § 778.
Compare, if you please, the cited place of Catullus, §141. 12) Of a thing or person belonging to someone as possessor or commander for this man, possessor, or commander, §778:
Cedant arma togae.
"Arms to the gown must yield."
Cic.
Cicero;
Flerunt Rhodopeiae arces,
Altaque Pangaea, et Rhesi Mavortia tellus.
"Wailed for her fate the heights of Rhodope,
And tall Pangaea, and, beloved of Mars,
The land that bowed to Rhesus, Thrace no less
With Hebrus' stream; and Orithyia wept,"
Georg. IV. 461.
Georgics IV.461;
Ille seu Parthos Latio imminentes
Egerit iusto domitos triumpho,
"Whether the Parthian, threatening Rome,
His eagles scatter to the wind."
Hor. I. od. 12.
Horace I.12.
11) Dei, domini, ducis, imperantis pro re
11) Of god, lord, leader, or commander for the
possessa vel persona, quae in eius est potestate:
thing possessed or person in his power:
Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus.
Upon my faith, it is a true saying, that Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus.;
Iam proximus ardet
Ucalegon.
"Deiphobus' great house
sank vanquished in the fire. Ucalegon's
hard by was blazing, while the waters wide
around Sigeum gave an answering glow."
Virg.
Virgil;
Ubi is homo est?
Iam devorandum censes, si conspexeris?
Dum datur, dum calet, devorari decet.
"Asinaria:
“Where is this person?”
“You think he ought to be devoured this instant, if you could see him.”
Pseudolus:
“Are you going to devour him already?”
“While he's fresh, while he's in the habit of giving away, while he's warm upon it, 'tis proper for him to be gobbled up.”"
Plaut.
Plautus.
Confer, § 141. sis, Catulli locum citatum.
Compare, if you please, the cited place of Catullus, §141.
12) rei, vel personae, quae alicui,
12) Of a thing or person belonging to
tanquam possessori, vel imperanti, competunt, pro hoc homine, possessore vel imperante.
someone as possessor or commander for this man, possessor, or commander,
§ 778.
§778:
Cedant arma togae.
"Arms to the gown must yield."
Cic.
Cicero;
Flerunt Rhodopeiae arces,
Altaque Pangaea, et Rhesi Mavortia tellus.
"Wailed for her fate the heights of Rhodope,
And tall Pangaea, and, beloved of Mars,
The land that bowed to Rhesus, Thrace no less
With Hebrus' stream; and Orithyia wept,"
Georg. IV. 461.
Georgics IV.461;
Ille seu Parthos Latio imminentes
Egerit iusto domitos triumpho,
"Whether the Parthian, threatening Rome,
His eagles scatter to the wind."
Hor. I. od. 12.
Horace I.12.
11) Dei, domini, ducis, imperantis pro re possessa vel persona, quae in eius est potestate: / 11) Of god, lord, leader, or commander for the thing possessed or person in his power:
Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus.
Upon my faith, it is a true saying, that Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus.;
Iam proximus ardet
Ucalegon.
"Deiphobus' great house
sank vanquished in the fire. Ucalegon's
hard by was blazing, while the waters wide
around Sigeum gave an answering glow."
Virg. / Virgil;
Ubi is homo est?
Iam devorandum censes, si conspexeris?
Dum datur, dum calet, devorari decet.
"Asinaria:
“Where is this person?”
“You think he ought to be devoured this instant, if you could see him.”
Pseudolus:
“Are you going to devour him already?”
“While he's fresh, while he's in the habit of giving away, while he's warm upon it, 'tis proper for him to be gobbled up.”"
Plaut. / Plautus.
Confer, § 141. sis, Catulli locum citatum. 12) rei, vel personae, quae alicui, tanquam possessori, vel imperanti, competunt, pro hoc homine, possessore vel imperante. § 778. / Compare, if you please, the cited place of Catullus, §141. 12) Of a thing or person belonging to someone as possessor or commander for this man, possessor, or commander, §778:
Cedant arma togae.
"Arms to the gown must yield."
Cic. / Cicero;
Flerunt Rhodopeiae arces,
Altaque Pangaea, et Rhesi Mavortia tellus.
"Wailed for her fate the heights of Rhodope,
And tall Pangaea, and, beloved of Mars,
The land that bowed to Rhesus, Thrace no less
With Hebrus' stream; and Orithyia wept,"
Georg. IV. 461. / Georgics IV.461;
Ille seu Parthos Latio imminentes
Egerit iusto domitos triumpho,
"Whether the Parthian, threatening Rome,
His eagles scatter to the wind."
Hor. I. od. 12. / Horace I.12.
§ 796
Quam metalepsin antecedentis pro consequente dicunt, et consequentis pro antecedente, quamque suo iure ac merito comitatur metalepsis concomitantium, quando simultaneorum unum ponitur pro altero: est ea metonymia, § 782, 773; quoniam substituit perceptiones sibi mutuo socias, quarum vel utraque dato tempore fuerant sensationes, vel altera imaginatio, altera sensatio, vel altera sensatio, altera praevisio, M. § 576. Sic antecedens ponitur pro consequente in euphemismo Catulli de pomo Atalantae:
What they call metalepsis of antecedent for consequent and consequent for antecedent, and which is rightly and deservedly accompanied by metalepsis of concomitants, when one simultaneous thing is put for another, is metonymy, §§782, 773, because it substitutes perceptions mutually associated with one another, of which either both at a given time had been sensations, or one imagination and the other sensation, or one sensation and the other foresight, Metaphysics §576. Thus the antecedent is put for the consequent in Catullus' euphemism about Atalanta's apple:
Quod zonam solvit diu ligatam,
"Whose long-bound zone it loosed for aye."
et apud Virgilium, quando Silenum antiquissima cantantem narrat, Ecl. VI.
and in Virgil, when he tells that Silenus sings the oldest things, Eclogue VI:
Tum Phaetontiadas musco circumdat amarae
Corticis, atque solo proceras erigit alnos.
"and then
with moss-bound, bitter bark rings round the forms
of Phaethon's fair sisters, from the ground
up-towering into poplars."
Consequens pro antecedente:
The consequent for antecedent:
Caeduntur tumidae, medico ridente, mariscae.
"the doctor grins when he cuts into the growths on your shaved buttocks."
Iuv. II. 13. unum concomitantium pro altero:
Juvenal II.13. One concomitant for another:
Vos lanam trahitis, calathisque peracta refertis
Vellera, vos tenui praegnantem stamine fusum
Penelope melius, levius torquetis Arachne.
"you men spin wool and bring back your tale of work in baskets when it is done; you twirl round the spindle big with fine thread more deftly than Penelope, more delicately than Arachne,"
Quam metalepsin antecedentis pro consequente dicunt, et consequentis pro antecedente, quamque suo iure ac merito comitatur metalepsis concomitantium, quando simultaneorum unum ponitur pro altero: est ea metonymia, § 782, 773; quoniam substituit perceptiones sibi mutuo socias, quarum vel utraque dato tempore fuerant sensationes, vel altera imaginatio, altera sensatio, vel altera sensatio, altera praevisio, M. § 576. Sic antecedens ponitur pro consequente in euphemismo Catulli de pomo Atalantae:
What they call metalepsis of antecedent for consequent and consequent for antecedent, and which is rightly and deservedly accompanied by metalepsis of concomitants, when one simultaneous thing is put for another, is metonymy, §§782, 773, because it substitutes perceptions mutually associated with one another, of which either both at a given time had been sensations, or one imagination and the other sensation, or one sensation and the other foresight, Metaphysics §576. Thus the antecedent is put for the consequent in Catullus' euphemism about Atalanta's apple:
Quod zonam solvit diu ligatam,
"Whose long-bound zone it loosed for aye."
et apud Virgilium, quando Silenum antiquissima cantantem narrat, Ecl. VI.
and in Virgil, when he tells that Silenus sings the oldest things, Eclogue VI:
Tum Phaetontiadas musco circumdat amarae
Corticis, atque solo proceras erigit alnos.
"and then
with moss-bound, bitter bark rings round the forms
of Phaethon's fair sisters, from the ground
up-towering into poplars."
Consequens pro antecedente:
The consequent for antecedent:
Caeduntur tumidae, medico ridente, mariscae.
"the doctor grins when he cuts into the growths on your shaved buttocks."
Iuv. II. 13. unum concomitantium pro altero:
Juvenal II.13. One concomitant for another:
Vos lanam trahitis, calathisque peracta refertis
Vellera, vos tenui praegnantem stamine fusum
Penelope melius, levius torquetis Arachne.
"you men spin wool and bring back your tale of work in baskets when it is done; you twirl round the spindle big with fine thread more deftly than Penelope, more delicately than Arachne,"
Quam metalepsin antecedentis pro consequente dicunt,
What they call metalepsis of antecedent for consequent
et consequentis pro antecedente, quamque suo iure ac
and consequent for antecedent, and which is rightly and
merito comitatur metalepsis concomitantium,
deservedly accompanied by metalepsis of concomitants,
quando simultaneorum unum ponitur pro altero:
when one simultaneous thing is put for another,
est ea metonymia, § 782, 773; quoniam substituit perceptiones
is metonymy, §§782, 773, because it substitutes perceptions
sibi mutuo socias,
mutually associated with one another, of which
quarum vel utraque dato tempore fuerant sensationes,
either both at a given time had been sensations,
vel altera imaginatio, altera sensatio, vel altera sensatio,
or one imagination and the other sensation, or one sensation
altera praevisio, M. § 576.
and the other foresight, Metaphysics §576.
Sic antecedens ponitur pro consequente in
Thus the antecedent is put for the consequent in
euphemismo Catulli de pomo Atalantae:
Catullus' euphemism about Atalanta's apple:
Quod zonam solvit diu ligatam,
"Whose long-bound zone it loosed for aye."
et apud Virgilium, quando Silenum antiquissima cantantem narrat, Ecl.
and in Virgil, when he tells that Silenus sings the oldest things,
VI.
Eclogue VI:
Tum Phaetontiadas musco circumdat amarae
Corticis, atque solo proceras erigit alnos.
"and then
with moss-bound, bitter bark rings round the forms
of Phaethon's fair sisters, from the ground
up-towering into poplars."
Consequens pro antecedente:
The consequent for antecedent:
Caeduntur tumidae, medico ridente, mariscae.
"the doctor grins when he cuts into the growths on your shaved buttocks."
Iuv. II. 13. unum concomitantium pro altero:
Juvenal II.13. One concomitant for another:
Vos lanam trahitis, calathisque peracta refertis
Vellera, vos tenui praegnantem stamine fusum
Penelope melius, levius torquetis Arachne.
"you men spin wool and bring back your tale of work in baskets when it is done; you twirl round the spindle big with fine thread more deftly than Penelope, more delicately than Arachne,"
Quam metalepsin antecedentis pro consequente dicunt, et consequentis pro antecedente, quamque suo iure ac merito comitatur metalepsis concomitantium, quando simultaneorum unum ponitur pro altero: est ea metonymia, § 782, 773; quoniam substituit perceptiones sibi mutuo socias, quarum vel utraque dato tempore fuerant sensationes, vel altera imaginatio, altera sensatio, vel altera sensatio, altera praevisio, M. § 576. Sic antecedens ponitur pro consequente in euphemismo Catulli de pomo Atalantae: / What they call metalepsis of antecedent for consequent and consequent for antecedent, and which is rightly and deservedly accompanied by metalepsis of concomitants, when one simultaneous thing is put for another, is metonymy, §§782, 773, because it substitutes perceptions mutually associated with one another, of which either both at a given time had been sensations, or one imagination and the other sensation, or one sensation and the other foresight, Metaphysics §576. Thus the antecedent is put for the consequent in Catullus' euphemism about Atalanta's apple:
Quod zonam solvit diu ligatam,
"Whose long-bound zone it loosed for aye."
et apud Virgilium, quando Silenum antiquissima cantantem narrat, Ecl. VI. / and in Virgil, when he tells that Silenus sings the oldest things, Eclogue VI:
Tum Phaetontiadas musco circumdat amarae
Corticis, atque solo proceras erigit alnos.
"and then
with moss-bound, bitter bark rings round the forms
of Phaethon's fair sisters, from the ground
up-towering into poplars."
Consequens pro antecedente: / The consequent for antecedent:
Caeduntur tumidae, medico ridente, mariscae.
"the doctor grins when he cuts into the growths on your shaved buttocks."
Iuv. II. 13. unum concomitantium pro altero: / Juvenal II.13. One concomitant for another:
Vos lanam trahitis, calathisque peracta refertis
Vellera, vos tenui praegnantem stamine fusum
Penelope melius, levius torquetis Arachne.
"you men spin wool and bring back your tale of work in baskets when it is done; you twirl round the spindle big with fine thread more deftly than Penelope, more delicately than Arachne,"
§ 797
ANTONOMASIA, qua pro idea, conceptu singularium et individuorum, et famosiori vel usitatiori, eiusdem signo, quod in oratione solet esse nomen, nunc proprium dici solitum, substituitur conceptus alius, vel plures conceptus in periphrasin et circumscriptionem combinati, nunc cum priore reciproci, nunc latiores eodem, aut vice versa, est synecdoche, nunc adscendens speciei, vel generis pro individuo, § 789. nunc descendens, individui pro specie vel genere, § 790, 786. nunc tandem descriptio propria, quae scilicet describendo non sit latior, manifesta potius est figura, § 550, 733. quam tropus. § 780. Magnanimus Anchisiades apud Virgilium V. est antonomasia adscendens. Patronymicum enim, etiamsi unicus sit tantum filius, aut unica filia, tamen horum individuis latius patet in regno possibilium heterocosmice, quia plures esse potuissent filii filiaeve, immo in hoc etiam mundo, quoniam non solis filiis filiabusve convenit, sed posteris etiam:
ANTONOMASIA, by which for the idea or concept of singulars and individuals and for its more famous or more usual sign, which in speech is usually a name now called proper, another concept is substituted, or several concepts combined into periphrasis and circumlocution, now reciprocal with the former, now broader than it, or vice versa, is synecdoche: now ascending, species or genus for individual, §789; now descending, individual for species or genus, §§790, 786; finally, proper description, which in describing is not broader, is rather a manifest figure, §§550, 733, than a trope, §780. "Great-hearted son of Anchises" in Virgil V is ascending antonomasia. For a patronymic, even if there is only one son or daughter, nevertheless extends more broadly than their individuals in the kingdom of possibles heterocosmically, because there could have been several sons or daughters, indeed also in this world, since it belongs not only to sons and daughters but also to descendants:
Natorum natis, et qui nascentur ab illis.
"and his sons' sons, and all their house to be."
Antonomasia descendens est apud Plautum:
Descending antonomasia appears in Plautus:
I hac mecum, ut videas simul
Tuam Alcumenam pellicem, Iuno mea;
"Step this way with me, that you, my Juno, may see as well your rival
Alcmena.";
Juvenal:
Debetur magnus patinae subitusque Prometheus
"some great and unforeseen Prometheus is destined for the dish!"
Iuv. 4. (pro figulo.)
that is, a potter;
Nec surdum, nec Tiresiam quemquam esse deorum.
"none of the Gods is deaf or like unto Tiresias."
14.
ANTONOMASIA, qua pro idea, conceptu singularium et individuorum, et famosiori vel usitatiori, eiusdem signo, quod in oratione solet esse nomen, nunc proprium dici solitum, substituitur conceptus alius, vel plures conceptus in periphrasin et circumscriptionem combinati, nunc cum priore reciproci, nunc latiores eodem, aut vice versa, est synecdoche, nunc adscendens speciei, vel generis pro individuo, § 789. nunc descendens, individui pro specie vel genere, § 790, 786. nunc tandem descriptio propria, quae scilicet describendo non sit latior, manifesta potius est figura, § 550, 733. quam tropus. § 780. Magnanimus Anchisiades apud Virgilium V. est antonomasia adscendens.
ANTONOMASIA, by which for the idea or concept of singulars and individuals and for its more famous or more usual sign, which in speech is usually a name now called proper, another concept is substituted, or several concepts combined into periphrasis and circumlocution, now reciprocal with the former, now broader than it, or vice versa, is synecdoche: now ascending, species or genus for individual, §789; now descending, individual for species or genus, §§790, 786; finally, proper description, which in describing is not broader, is rather a manifest figure, §§550, 733, than a trope, §780. "Great-hearted son of Anchises" in Virgil V is ascending antonomasia.
Patronymicum enim, etiamsi unicus sit tantum filius, aut unica filia, tamen horum individuis latius patet in regno possibilium heterocosmice, quia plures esse potuissent filii filiaeve, immo in hoc etiam mundo, quoniam non solis filiis filiabusve convenit, sed posteris etiam:
For a patronymic, even if there is only one son or daughter, nevertheless extends more broadly than their individuals in the kingdom of possibles heterocosmically, because there could have been several sons or daughters, indeed also in this world, since it belongs not only to sons and daughters but also to descendants:
Natorum natis, et qui nascentur ab illis.
"and his sons' sons, and all their house to be."
Antonomasia descendens est apud Plautum:
Descending antonomasia appears in Plautus:
I hac mecum, ut videas simul
Tuam Alcumenam pellicem, Iuno mea;
"Step this way with me, that you, my Juno, may see as well your rival
Alcmena.";
Juvenal:
Debetur magnus patinae subitusque Prometheus
"some great and unforeseen Prometheus is destined for the dish!"
Iuv. 4. (pro figulo.)
that is, a potter;
Nec surdum, nec Tiresiam quemquam esse deorum.
"none of the Gods is deaf or like unto Tiresias."
14.
ANTONOMASIA, qua pro idea,
ANTONOMASIA, by which for the idea
conceptu singularium et individuorum,
or concept of singulars and individuals
et famosiori vel usitatiori, eiusdem signo,
and for its more famous or more usual sign,
quod in oratione solet esse nomen,
which in speech is usually a name
nunc proprium dici solitum, substituitur conceptus alius, vel
now called proper, another concept is substituted,
plures conceptus in periphrasin et circumscriptionem combinati,
or several concepts combined into periphrasis and circumlocution, now
nunc cum priore reciproci, nunc latiores eodem, aut
reciprocal with the former, now broader than it,
vice versa, est synecdoche, nunc adscendens speciei,
or vice versa, is synecdoche: now ascending, species
vel generis pro individuo, § 789. nunc descendens,
or genus for individual, §789; now descending,
individui pro specie vel genere, § 790, 786.
individual for species or genus, §§790, 786;
nunc tandem descriptio propria, quae scilicet describendo non sit
finally, proper description, which in describing is not broader,
latior, manifesta potius est figura, § 550, 733.
is rather a manifest figure, §§550, 733,
quam tropus. § 780. Magnanimus Anchisiades apud Virgilium V.
than a trope, §780. "Great-hearted son of Anchises" in Virgil V
est antonomasia adscendens.
is ascending antonomasia.
Patronymicum enim, etiamsi unicus sit tantum filius,
For a patronymic, even if there is only one
aut unica filia, tamen horum individuis latius
son or daughter, nevertheless extends more broadly than their
patet in regno possibilium heterocosmice,
individuals in the kingdom of possibles heterocosmically,
quia plures esse potuissent filii filiaeve,
because there could have been several sons or daughters,
immo in hoc etiam mundo,
indeed also in this world, since
quoniam non solis filiis filiabusve convenit, sed posteris etiam:
it belongs not only to sons and daughters but also to descendants:
Natorum natis, et qui nascentur ab illis.
"and his sons' sons, and all their house to be."
Antonomasia descendens est apud Plautum:
Descending antonomasia appears in Plautus:
I hac mecum, ut videas simul
Tuam Alcumenam pellicem, Iuno mea;
"Step this way with me, that you, my Juno, may see as well your rival
Alcmena.";
Juvenal:
Debetur magnus patinae subitusque Prometheus
"some great and unforeseen Prometheus is destined for the dish!"
Iuv. 4. (pro figulo.)
that is, a potter;
Nec surdum, nec Tiresiam quemquam esse deorum.
"none of the Gods is deaf or like unto Tiresias."
14.
ANTONOMASIA, qua pro idea, conceptu singularium et individuorum, et famosiori vel usitatiori, eiusdem signo, quod in oratione solet esse nomen, nunc proprium dici solitum, substituitur conceptus alius, vel plures conceptus in periphrasin et circumscriptionem combinati, nunc cum priore reciproci, nunc latiores eodem, aut vice versa, est synecdoche, nunc adscendens speciei, vel generis pro individuo, § 789. nunc descendens, individui pro specie vel genere, § 790, 786. nunc tandem descriptio propria, quae scilicet describendo non sit latior, manifesta potius est figura, § 550, 733. quam tropus. § 780. Magnanimus Anchisiades apud Virgilium V. est antonomasia adscendens. / ANTONOMASIA, by which for the idea or concept of singulars and individuals and for its more famous or more usual sign, which in speech is usually a name now called proper, another concept is substituted, or several concepts combined into periphrasis and circumlocution, now reciprocal with the former, now broader than it, or vice versa, is synecdoche: now ascending, species or genus for individual, §789; now descending, individual for species or genus, §§790, 786; finally, proper description, which in describing is not broader, is rather a manifest figure, §§550, 733, than a trope, §780. "Great-hearted son of Anchises" in Virgil V is ascending antonomasia.
Patronymicum enim, etiamsi unicus sit tantum filius, aut unica filia, tamen horum individuis latius patet in regno possibilium heterocosmice, quia plures esse potuissent filii filiaeve, immo in hoc etiam mundo, quoniam non solis filiis filiabusve convenit, sed posteris etiam: / For a patronymic, even if there is only one son or daughter, nevertheless extends more broadly than their individuals in the kingdom of possibles heterocosmically, because there could have been several sons or daughters, indeed also in this world, since it belongs not only to sons and daughters but also to descendants:
Natorum natis, et qui nascentur ab illis.
"and his sons' sons, and all their house to be."
Antonomasia descendens est apud Plautum: / Descending antonomasia appears in Plautus:
I hac mecum, ut videas simul
Tuam Alcumenam pellicem, Iuno mea;
"Step this way with me, that you, my Juno, may see as well your rival
Alcmena.";
/ Juvenal:
Debetur magnus patinae subitusque Prometheus
"some great and unforeseen Prometheus is destined for the dish!"
Iuv. 4. (pro figulo.) / that is, a potter;
Nec surdum, nec Tiresiam quemquam esse deorum.
"none of the Gods is deaf or like unto Tiresias."
14. /
§ 798
Haec antonomasia descendens praecipue placuit multis venustatum amatoribus, § 797, 755. Clodium in sorores etiam ardentem Cicero Romanum Iovem dicit, § 756, 754.
This descending antonomasia especially pleased many lovers of graces, §§797, 755. Cicero calls Clodius, burning even for his sisters, a Roman Jove, §§756, 754. Petronius:
Quae autem hic insidiae sunt? aut quis nobis Hannibal navigat?
"“Is there any trap here?” he said, “and who is the Hannibal we have on
board?”"
Petr.
Juvenal:
Consulit ictericae lento de funere matris,
Ante tamen de te, Tanaquil tua.
"Your excellent Tanaquil consults as to the long-delayed death of her jaundiced mother—having previously enquired about your own;"
Iuv. 2. Hac ratione totam periodi platonicae fabulam explicari debere reor, et locum Virgilii:
I think the whole fable of the Platonic period must be explained in this way, and Virgil's place:
Alter erit tum Tiphys, et altera, quae vehat, Argo,
Delectos heroas, erunt etiam altera bella,
Atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles.
"Therewith a second Tiphys shall there be,
her hero-freight a second Argo bear;
new wars too shall arise, and once again
some great Achilles to some Troy be sent."
ecl. 4.
Eclogue IV.
Haec antonomasia descendens praecipue placuit multis venustatum amatoribus, § 797, 755. Clodium in sorores etiam ardentem Cicero Romanum Iovem dicit, § 756, 754.
This descending antonomasia especially pleased many lovers of graces, §§797, 755. Cicero calls Clodius, burning even for his sisters, a Roman Jove, §§756, 754. Petronius:
Quae autem hic insidiae sunt? aut quis nobis Hannibal navigat?
"“Is there any trap here?” he said, “and who is the Hannibal we have on
board?”"
Petr.
Juvenal:
Consulit ictericae lento de funere matris,
Ante tamen de te, Tanaquil tua.
"Your excellent Tanaquil consults as to the long-delayed death of her jaundiced mother—having previously enquired about your own;"
Iuv. 2. Hac ratione totam periodi platonicae fabulam explicari debere reor, et locum Virgilii:
I think the whole fable of the Platonic period must be explained in this way, and Virgil's place:
Alter erit tum Tiphys, et altera, quae vehat, Argo,
Delectos heroas, erunt etiam altera bella,
Atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles.
"Therewith a second Tiphys shall there be,
her hero-freight a second Argo bear;
new wars too shall arise, and once again
some great Achilles to some Troy be sent."
ecl. 4.
Eclogue IV.
Haec antonomasia descendens praecipue placuit multis venustatum amatoribus, § 797, 755.
This descending antonomasia especially pleased many lovers of graces, §§797, 755.
Clodium in sorores etiam ardentem Cicero
Cicero calls Clodius, burning even for his sisters,
Romanum Iovem dicit, § 756, 754.
a Roman Jove, §§756, 754. Petronius:
Quae autem hic insidiae sunt? aut quis nobis Hannibal navigat?
"“Is there any trap here?” he said, “and who is the Hannibal we have on
board?”"
Petr.
Juvenal:
Consulit ictericae lento de funere matris,
Ante tamen de te, Tanaquil tua.
"Your excellent Tanaquil consults as to the long-delayed death of her jaundiced mother—having previously enquired about your own;"
Iuv. 2. Hac ratione totam periodi platonicae
I think the whole fable of the Platonic period
fabulam explicari debere reor, et locum Virgilii:
must be explained in this way, and Virgil's place:
Alter erit tum Tiphys, et altera, quae vehat, Argo,
Delectos heroas, erunt etiam altera bella,
Atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles.
"Therewith a second Tiphys shall there be,
her hero-freight a second Argo bear;
new wars too shall arise, and once again
some great Achilles to some Troy be sent."
ecl. 4.
Eclogue IV.
Haec antonomasia descendens praecipue placuit multis venustatum amatoribus, § 797, 755. Clodium in sorores etiam ardentem Cicero Romanum Iovem dicit, § 756, 754. / This descending antonomasia especially pleased many lovers of graces, §§797, 755. Cicero calls Clodius, burning even for his sisters, a Roman Jove, §§756, 754. Petronius:
Quae autem hic insidiae sunt? aut quis nobis Hannibal navigat?
"“Is there any trap here?” he said, “and who is the Hannibal we have on
board?”"
Petr. / Juvenal:
Consulit ictericae lento de funere matris,
Ante tamen de te, Tanaquil tua.
"Your excellent Tanaquil consults as to the long-delayed death of her jaundiced mother—having previously enquired about your own;"
Iuv. 2. Hac ratione totam periodi platonicae fabulam explicari debere reor, et locum Virgilii: / I think the whole fable of the Platonic period must be explained in this way, and Virgil's place:
Alter erit tum Tiphys, et altera, quae vehat, Argo,
Delectos heroas, erunt etiam altera bella,
Atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles.
"Therewith a second Tiphys shall there be,
her hero-freight a second Argo bear;
new wars too shall arise, and once again
some great Achilles to some Troy be sent."
ecl. 4. / Eclogue IV.
§ 799
Antonomasian, quae figura potius, quam tropus sit, habes in circumscriptione Socratis ipsi tamen propria: § 797.
You have antonomasia which is rather a figure than a trope in the circumlocution proper to Socrates himself, §797:
Aethereusque Platon, et qui fabricaverat illum,
Damnatusque suae melius damnavit Athenas,
"Solon the just, and Plato the Divine.
His Master next, whose Bloud unjustly spilt
On Athens still reflects a real Guilt."
Man.
Manilius;
barbatum hoc crede magistrum
Dicere, sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae.
"(Imagine the bearded master,
whom the fell draught of hemlock took off, to be saying this:)"
Pers. Ad antonomasian adscendentem refero sermonis illam communicationem, qua pulcre cogitaturus favorabilia, sibi soli forsan convenientia, suis simul spectatoribus auditoribusve simul tribuit, et odiosa, his forte solis propria, sibi tamen simul adscribit, in persona, quam vocant pluralis numeri primam; ponit enim speciem praesentium pro certis individuis.
Persius. To ascending antonomasia I refer that communication of speech by which one who will think beautifully attributes favorable things, perhaps suited to himself alone, also to his spectators or hearers, and assigns hateful things, perhaps proper to them alone, also to himself, in what they call the person of the first person plural. For he puts the species of those present for certain individuals.
Antonomasian, quae figura potius, quam tropus sit, habes in circumscriptione Socratis ipsi tamen propria: § 797.
You have antonomasia which is rather a figure than a trope in the circumlocution proper to Socrates himself, §797:
Aethereusque Platon, et qui fabricaverat illum,
Damnatusque suae melius damnavit Athenas,
"Solon the just, and Plato the Divine.
His Master next, whose Bloud unjustly spilt
On Athens still reflects a real Guilt."
Man.
Manilius;
barbatum hoc crede magistrum
Dicere, sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae.
"(Imagine the bearded master,
whom the fell draught of hemlock took off, to be saying this:)"
Pers.
Persius.
Ad antonomasian adscendentem refero sermonis illam communicationem, qua pulcre cogitaturus favorabilia, sibi soli forsan convenientia, suis simul spectatoribus auditoribusve simul tribuit, et odiosa, his forte solis propria, sibi tamen simul adscribit, in persona, quam vocant pluralis numeri primam; ponit enim speciem praesentium pro certis individuis.
To ascending antonomasia I refer that communication of speech by which one who will think beautifully attributes favorable things, perhaps suited to himself alone, also to his spectators or hearers, and assigns hateful things, perhaps proper to them alone, also to himself, in what they call the person of the first person plural. For he puts the species of those present for certain individuals.
Antonomasian, quae figura potius,
You have antonomasia which is rather a figure than
quam tropus sit, habes in circumscriptione
a trope in the circumlocution proper to
Socratis ipsi tamen propria: § 797.
Socrates himself, §797:
Aethereusque Platon, et qui fabricaverat illum,
Damnatusque suae melius damnavit Athenas,
"Solon the just, and Plato the Divine.
His Master next, whose Bloud unjustly spilt
On Athens still reflects a real Guilt."
Man.
Manilius;
barbatum hoc crede magistrum
Dicere, sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae.
"(Imagine the bearded master,
whom the fell draught of hemlock took off, to be saying this:)"
Pers.
Persius.
Ad antonomasian adscendentem refero sermonis illam communicationem,
To ascending antonomasia I refer that communication
qua pulcre cogitaturus favorabilia,
of speech by which one who will think beautifully attributes favorable
sibi soli forsan convenientia, suis simul
things, perhaps suited to himself alone,
spectatoribus auditoribusve simul tribuit, et odiosa,
also to his spectators or hearers, and assigns
his forte solis propria, sibi tamen simul adscribit,
hateful things, perhaps proper to them alone, also to himself,
in persona, quam vocant pluralis
in what they call the person of the first person plural.
numeri primam; ponit enim speciem praesentium pro certis individuis.
For he puts the species of those present for certain individuals.
Antonomasian, quae figura potius, quam tropus sit, habes in circumscriptione Socratis ipsi tamen propria: § 797. / You have antonomasia which is rather a figure than a trope in the circumlocution proper to Socrates himself, §797:
Aethereusque Platon, et qui fabricaverat illum,
Damnatusque suae melius damnavit Athenas,
"Solon the just, and Plato the Divine.
His Master next, whose Bloud unjustly spilt
On Athens still reflects a real Guilt."
Man. / Manilius;
barbatum hoc crede magistrum
Dicere, sorbitio tollit quem dira cicutae.
"(Imagine the bearded master,
whom the fell draught of hemlock took off, to be saying this:)"
Pers. / Persius.
Ad antonomasian adscendentem refero sermonis illam communicationem, qua pulcre cogitaturus favorabilia, sibi soli forsan convenientia, suis simul spectatoribus auditoribusve simul tribuit, et odiosa, his forte solis propria, sibi tamen simul adscribit, in persona, quam vocant pluralis numeri primam; ponit enim speciem praesentium pro certis individuis. / To ascending antonomasia I refer that communication of speech by which one who will think beautifully attributes favorable things, perhaps suited to himself alone, also to his spectators or hearers, and assigns hateful things, perhaps proper to them alone, also to himself, in what they call the person of the first person plural. For he puts the species of those present for certain individuals.
§ 800
Euphemismi, quaeque κατὰ λιτότητα belle cogitantur cum aliqua extenuatione, § 329. non tam tropi sunt peculiares, quam casus aliqui, quorum obventu moratum cogitandi genus, § 227. ad aliquam potius figurarum e. g. periphrasin, vel tropum ex allatis quemcunque suaserit confugere, quam rem nude et explicite, qualis cogitanti primum in mentem forte venerit, minus eleganter vel concipere, vel efferre, § 789, 796. Sic extenuat synecdoche partis pro toto, nisi loqui velis de rebus ad te pertinentibus, instar gloriosi militis; extenuat laudabilis illius, quod tibi tuisve velles adscribere, negare potius oppositum, quam illud ipsum affirmare.
Euphemisms, and things beautifully thought κατὰ λιτότητα, with some attenuation, §329, are not so much peculiar tropes as certain cases in which the moralized kind of thinking, §227, will advise taking refuge in some figure, for example periphrasis, or in any trope from those brought forward, rather than less elegantly conceiving or uttering the thing nakedly and explicitly as it perhaps first came into the thinker's mind, §§789, 796. Thus synecdoche of part for whole attenuates, unless you wish to speak about things concerning yourself like a braggart soldier; it attenuates what is praiseworthy and what you would wish to ascribe to yourself and yours, by denying the opposite rather than affirming the thing itself:
Nec sum adeo informis, nuper me in litore vidi.
"Nor am I
so ill to look on: lately on the beach
I saw myself, when winds had stilled the sea,"
Si quid mihi humanius acciderit, est synecdoche adscendens § 789. vixisse est metalepsis antecedentis pro consequente, § 796. uti et illa loquendi formula, qua vivere iubentur et valere, quae missa facimus, quibus nuncium mittimus, in posterum aspernaturi:
If anything more human should happen to me is ascending synecdoche, §789. To have lived is metalepsis of antecedent for consequent, §796, as is also the formula by which things we dismiss and send away, which we intend to scorn in the future, are ordered to live and be well:
Omnia vel medium fiant mare. Vivite, silvae!
"Yea, be the whole earth to mid-ocean turned!
Farewell, ye woodlands!"
Euphemismi, quaeque κατὰ λιτότητα belle cogitantur cum aliqua extenuatione, § 329. non tam tropi sunt peculiares, quam casus aliqui, quorum obventu moratum cogitandi genus, § 227. ad aliquam potius figurarum e. g. periphrasin, vel tropum ex allatis quemcunque suaserit confugere, quam rem nude et explicite, qualis cogitanti primum in mentem forte venerit, minus eleganter vel concipere, vel efferre, § 789, 796. Sic extenuat synecdoche partis pro toto, nisi loqui velis de rebus ad te pertinentibus, instar gloriosi militis; extenuat laudabilis illius, quod tibi tuisve velles adscribere, negare potius oppositum, quam illud ipsum affirmare.
Euphemisms, and things beautifully thought κατὰ λιτότητα, with some attenuation, §329, are not so much peculiar tropes as certain cases in which the moralized kind of thinking, §227, will advise taking refuge in some figure, for example periphrasis, or in any trope from those brought forward, rather than less elegantly conceiving or uttering the thing nakedly and explicitly as it perhaps first came into the thinker's mind, §§789, 796. Thus synecdoche of part for whole attenuates, unless you wish to speak about things concerning yourself like a braggart soldier; it attenuates what is praiseworthy and what you would wish to ascribe to yourself and yours, by denying the opposite rather than affirming the thing itself:
Nec sum adeo informis, nuper me in litore vidi.
"Nor am I
so ill to look on: lately on the beach
I saw myself, when winds had stilled the sea,"
Si quid mihi humanius acciderit, est synecdoche adscendens § 789. vixisse est metalepsis antecedentis pro consequente, § 796. uti et illa loquendi formula, qua vivere iubentur et valere, quae missa facimus, quibus nuncium mittimus, in posterum aspernaturi:
If anything more human should happen to me is ascending synecdoche, §789. To have lived is metalepsis of antecedent for consequent, §796, as is also the formula by which things we dismiss and send away, which we intend to scorn in the future, are ordered to live and be well:
Omnia vel medium fiant mare. Vivite, silvae!
"Yea, be the whole earth to mid-ocean turned!
Farewell, ye woodlands!"
Euphemismi, quaeque κατὰ λιτότητα
Euphemisms, and things beautifully thought κατὰ λιτότητα,
belle cogitantur cum aliqua extenuatione, § 329.
with some attenuation, §329,
non tam tropi sunt peculiares,
are not so much peculiar tropes as certain
quam casus aliqui, quorum obventu moratum cogitandi genus, § 227.
cases in which the moralized kind of thinking, §227,
ad aliquam potius figurarum e. g.
will advise taking refuge in some figure, for example
periphrasin, vel tropum ex allatis quemcunque
periphrasis, or in any trope from those brought forward,
suaserit confugere, quam rem nude et explicite,
rather than less elegantly conceiving or uttering the thing nakedly and explicitly
qualis cogitanti primum in mentem forte venerit,
as it perhaps first came into the thinker's
minus eleganter vel concipere, vel efferre, § 789, 796.
mind, §§789, 796.
Sic extenuat synecdoche partis pro toto,
Thus synecdoche of part for whole attenuates,
nisi loqui velis de rebus ad te pertinentibus,
unless you wish to speak about things concerning yourself like a
instar gloriosi militis; extenuat laudabilis illius,
braggart soldier; it attenuates what is praiseworthy and what
quod tibi tuisve velles adscribere,
you would wish to ascribe to yourself and yours,
negare potius oppositum, quam illud ipsum affirmare.
by denying the opposite rather than affirming the thing itself:
Nec sum adeo informis, nuper me in litore vidi.
"Nor am I
so ill to look on: lately on the beach
I saw myself, when winds had stilled the sea,"
Si quid mihi humanius acciderit,
If anything more human should happen to
est synecdoche adscendens § 789.
me is ascending synecdoche, §789.
vixisse est metalepsis antecedentis pro consequente, § 796.
To have lived is metalepsis of antecedent for consequent, §796,
uti et illa loquendi formula, qua vivere iubentur et valere,
as is also the formula by which things we dismiss and send
quae missa facimus, quibus nuncium mittimus,
away, which we intend to scorn
in posterum aspernaturi:
in the future, are ordered to live and be well:
Omnia vel medium fiant mare. Vivite, silvae!
"Yea, be the whole earth to mid-ocean turned!
Farewell, ye woodlands!"
Euphemismi, quaeque κατὰ λιτότητα belle cogitantur cum aliqua extenuatione, § 329. non tam tropi sunt peculiares, quam casus aliqui, quorum obventu moratum cogitandi genus, § 227. ad aliquam potius figurarum e. g. periphrasin, vel tropum ex allatis quemcunque suaserit confugere, quam rem nude et explicite, qualis cogitanti primum in mentem forte venerit, minus eleganter vel concipere, vel efferre, § 789, 796. Sic extenuat synecdoche partis pro toto, nisi loqui velis de rebus ad te pertinentibus, instar gloriosi militis; extenuat laudabilis illius, quod tibi tuisve velles adscribere, negare potius oppositum, quam illud ipsum affirmare. / Euphemisms, and things beautifully thought κατὰ λιτότητα, with some attenuation, §329, are not so much peculiar tropes as certain cases in which the moralized kind of thinking, §227, will advise taking refuge in some figure, for example periphrasis, or in any trope from those brought forward, rather than less elegantly conceiving or uttering the thing nakedly and explicitly as it perhaps first came into the thinker's mind, §§789, 796. Thus synecdoche of part for whole attenuates, unless you wish to speak about things concerning yourself like a braggart soldier; it attenuates what is praiseworthy and what you would wish to ascribe to yourself and yours, by denying the opposite rather than affirming the thing itself:
Nec sum adeo informis, nuper me in litore vidi.
"Nor am I
so ill to look on: lately on the beach
I saw myself, when winds had stilled the sea,"
Si quid mihi humanius acciderit, est synecdoche adscendens § 789. vixisse est metalepsis antecedentis pro consequente, § 796. uti et illa loquendi formula, qua vivere iubentur et valere, quae missa facimus, quibus nuncium mittimus, in posterum aspernaturi: / If anything more human should happen to me is ascending synecdoche, §789. To have lived is metalepsis of antecedent for consequent, §796, as is also the formula by which things we dismiss and send away, which we intend to scorn in the future, are ordered to live and be well:
Omnia vel medium fiant mare. Vivite, silvae!
"Yea, be the whole earth to mid-ocean turned!
Farewell, ye woodlands!"